FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W279495274> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W279495274 startingPage "2131" @default.
• W279495274 abstract "Last year, in the highly anticipated healthcare decision in National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (NFIB), the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government cannot threaten to take away Medicaid funding from a state that refuses to participate in the expansion of Medicaid mandated by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The Court's decision was momentous since it was the first time that it found a federal conditional spending program to be unconstitutionally coercive. The Court's holding will almost certainly lead to legal challenges of federal conditional spending programs, particularly the Clean Air Act (CAA). Under section 179 of that statute, the federal government may impose highway fund sanctions on any state that has a deficient or incomplete State Implementation Plan.Despite the concerns of prominent legal scholars regarding the constitutionality of section 179 following NFIB, this Note argues that the decision does not shake the statute's constitutional underpinnings. The CAA is distinguishable in several key respects. First, the availability of a Federal Implementation Plan under the CAA provides a viable alternative to the loss of highway funds. NFIB is a unique case, given that a state's loss of Medicaid funds would have affected vulnerable populations, and the beneficiaries of highway funds differ in their need and dependency. Furthermore, states can turn down highway funds more easily than Medicaid funds, since states receive fewer federal dollars for highways than for Medicaid, both as a total and as a percentage. This Note also argues that states had adequate notice of the conditions imposed for receipt of highway funding, and section 179 sanctions are sufficiently related to the goals of the CAA, given the ties between transportation and air pollution, for example. Indeed, invalidation of section 179 would undermine federalism by disturbing the delicate balance of power between the federal government and states with respect to clean air protection. Thus, section 179 should survive a facial or as-applied challenge.INTRODUCTIONOn June 28, 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court issued the most anticipated opinion of the new century, National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (NFIB).1 In a divided opinion, the Court upheld the constitutionality of the individual mandate in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, more commonly known as the Affordable Care Act (ACA).2 One aspect of the ruling in the NFIB opinion, however, could have consequences for decades to come. The Court ruled that the federal government cannot take away all of a state's Medicaid funding if that state refuses to participate in the ACA's expansion of Medicaid.3 According to the Court, such conditional spending is impermissibly coercive in light of the federalism principles embedded in the Constitution.4 Because the Court had never before found a federal grant to be coercive,5 this holding will likely embolden states to challenge conditional federal grants under the Spending Clause.6One such challenge will likely involve the Clean Air Act (CAA),7 the comprehensive federal law focused on air pollution abatement and control. Under section 179 of the CAA,8 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) may impose highway fund sanctions on any state that has a deficient or incomplete State Implementation Plan (SIP).9 States have already turned to NFIB to argue that such measures are unconstitutional. For example, in Texas v. EPA,10 counsel for the State of Texas submitted a notice of supplemental authority to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, contending that EPA's call to compel regulation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is impermissibly coercive under the analysis set forth in NFIB.11 More legal challenges are likely to come, given strong antiregulatory sentiment throughout the United States.12Such litigation raises the question: Are the CAA's highway sanctions constitutional following NFIB? …" @default.
• W279495274 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W279495274 creator A5002030932 @default.
• W279495274 date "2013-12-01" @default.
• W279495274 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W279495274 title "Clearing the Air Following National Federation of Independent Business V. Sebelius: The Clean Air Act and the Constitutionality of Highway Sanctions" @default.
• W279495274 hasPublicationYear "2013" @default.
• W279495274 type Work @default.
• W279495274 sameAs 279495274 @default.
• W279495274 citedByCount "0" @default.
• W279495274 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W279495274 hasAuthorship W279495274A5002030932 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C11413529 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C126285488 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C144133560 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C160735492 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C17319257 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2776512386 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2776534028 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2776643233 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2778069335 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2778137410 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2778272461 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C2778333325 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C3116431 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C41008148 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C41895202 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C48103436 @default.
• W279495274 hasConcept C556758197 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C11413529 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C126285488 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C138885662 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C144133560 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C160735492 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C162324750 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C17319257 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C17744445 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C199539241 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2776512386 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2776534028 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2776643233 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2778069335 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2778137410 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2778272461 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C2778333325 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C3116431 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C41008148 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C41895202 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C48103436 @default.
• W279495274 hasConceptScore W279495274C556758197 @default.
• W279495274 hasIssue "6" @default.
• W279495274 hasLocation W2794952741 @default.
• W279495274 hasOpenAccess W279495274 @default.
• W279495274 hasPrimaryLocation W2794952741 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W1144101701 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W1510944517 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W1524909033 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W1548756638 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W1950724633 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2100731852 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2108649493 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W223622220 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W229969789 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2312504528 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2331450448 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2333745065 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2529129158 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2953058665 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W3121747340 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W3122224663 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W3122883173 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W314105258 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W176895837 @default.
• W279495274 hasRelatedWork W2942872478 @default.
• W279495274 hasVolume "93" @default.
• W279495274 isParatext "false" @default.
• W279495274 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W279495274 magId "279495274" @default.
• W279495274 workType "article" @default.