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• W2797227510 abstract "In recent years, immunocastration, a vaccination against gonadotropin releasing hormone, has been proposed as an alternative to surgical castration of intact male pigs without anaesthesia. However, the effects of immunocastration on metabolic changes, nutritional requirements and growth potential have not been quantified. Thus in the present thesis, the meta-analytical approach was used to quantitatively synthesize the effects of immunocastration and four studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of quantitative and qualitative feed restriction on growth performance, heat production and energy metabolism, carcass and meat quality. Results show that boar taint compounds are dramatically reduced in immunocastrates, still they remain slightly higher than in surgical castrates. Immunocastrates are less feed efficient, fatter but grow more rapidly and may have better meat quality than entire males. Compared to surgical castrates, immunocastrates have superior performance with no difference in meat quality. It is more economical to fatten immunocastrates than surgical castrates, but production costs and carcass quality are less favourable than in entire males because of the huge increase in voluntary feed intake during the weeks preceding slaughter. Applying quantitative feed restriction after active immunization did not significantly affect growth performance or carcass composition; however, restrictively fed immunocastrates were closer to entire males, whereas ad libitum fed immunocastrates were closer to surgical castrates. Meat quality is also unchanged by the restriction. However, higher incidence of carcass lesions in restricted immunocastrates together with higher plasma cortisol level indicates more aggression prior to slaughter and can be considered as a negative aspect of the quantitative restriction. Total heat production, assumed to be the major factor contributing to the differences in feed efficiency of pigs, is changed after the immunocastration. Additional energy retained due to higher feed intake is directed towards lipid deposition. Increased fatness of immunocastrates is a result of increased daily lipid deposition caused by higher energy intake, lower fasting heat production and improved energy retention. Hence, dietary energy intake should be limited after immunocastration. Moreover, according to the results of the nitrogen balance study, dietary crude protein content could also be decreased. By reducing net energy concentration of the diet up to 10 % using higher fibre content, similar energy efficiency (gain to net energy intake ratio) may be achieved, with an advantage in terms of reduced lipid deposition, and no effect on growth rate after effective immunization. This is particularly important when immunocastrated pigs are fattened to higher body weights, i.e. when longer delays between full immunization and slaughter are practiced." @default.
• W2797227510 created "2018-04-24" @default.
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• W2797227510 date "2015-01-01" @default.
• W2797227510 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2797227510 title "Energy metabolism, growth performance, body composition, meat quality and boar taint compounds in immunocastrated pigs" @default.
• W2797227510 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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