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- W2799685499 abstract "Iodine is an element essential for human growth and development with serious consequences when deficient in human nutrition. Iodine is found in nature universally in soil and water but in highly varying amounts depending on the terrain, with less in many mountainous and plains areas. Iodine deficiency can seriously affect normal fetal development, newborns, and other age groups as a thyroid abnormality. The discovery that iodine supplements prevents thyroid gland enlargement (goiter) in children and adults and prevents serious deficiency in newborns has made a major contribution to public and population health. Successful implementation of a pioneering salt iodization program occurred in France and Switzerland in the 19 th century but amid controversy. High rates of goiter were found among US army draftees in 1917. David Marine conducted a large field trial of providing iodine to school children in Akron, Ohio demonstrating effective preventive and curative effects for reducing goiter. Iodized table salt was introduced in Switzerland in 1922 and in the United States in 1924 with widespread use greatly improving the iodine nutritional status of populations. Iodization of salt has been a global health issue promoted by the World Health Organization since the 1970s. In recent decades, iodization of salt on a mandatory basis in China and Nigeria has successfully reduced iodine deficiency dramatically. However, an estimated 38 million newborns in developing countries are vulnerable and unprotected from the lifelong consequences of brain damage associated with iodine deficiency disorders. Even in high-income countries such as in much of Europe iodine insufficiency is far from eliminated. Iodine deficiency control remains a global health challenge." @default.
- W2799685499 created "2018-05-17" @default.
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- W2799685499 date "2018-01-01" @default.
- W2799685499 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2799685499 title "Endemic Goiter and Elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders" @default.
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