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- W2800370460 endingPage "200" @default.
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- W2800370460 abstract "Publisher SummaryThis chapter reviews that nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neuromodulator, which is a key player in the regulation of numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes in both the peripheral and central nervous system. NO has been shown to mediate various forms of synaptic plasticity, including short and long-term changes in the efficacy of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. Three distinct isoforms of the NO-producing enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS; neuronal NOS, inducible NOS, endothelial NOS) have also been described. Of these isoforms, type 1 (neuronal, nNOS) has been shown to be ubiquitously distributed throughout the brain in an uneven manner, and is expressed in the nuclei of the basal ganglia in moderate levels. The chapter also discusses that striatal NOS activity has been reported to be depressed in the striatal complex of post-mortem brains of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and dopamine (DA)-depleted animals. Most pathophysiological models and metabolic studies of PD predict that the net effect of these alterations is an imbalance in striatal output in which the indirect pathway becomes functionally hyperactive and the direct pathway is slightly hypoactive. It reviews that future studies examining the impact of DA-depletion on the regulation of striatal NOS activity will further increase the understanding of sensorimotor integration within striatal networks involved in normal motor function and pathophysiological states." @default.
- W2800370460 created "2018-05-17" @default.
- W2800370460 creator A5061592030 @default.
- W2800370460 date "2010-01-01" @default.
- W2800370460 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2800370460 title "Nitric Oxide Signaling in the Striatum" @default.
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