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- W2800679699 abstract "Reviewed by: The Framers' Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution by Michael J. Klarman Benjamin E. Park The Framers' Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution. By Michael J. Klarman. ( New York: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xiv, 865. Paper, $24.95, ISBN 978-0-19-086596-2; cloth, $39.95, ISBN 978-0-19-994203-9.) Given the developments in American historiography, it was time for a new synthesis that covered the years between the Treaty of Paris and the implementation of a new government. Michael J. Klarman's The Framers' Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution seeks to be an exhaustive overview of the conditions that led to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the debates that took place during the convention, and the debates that solidified the ratification of the Constitution. The resulting narrative is immense, and with over six hundred pages of text and two hundred pages of endnotes, there is no shortage of material. Despite the catchy title, The Framers' Coup is not so much a revisionist interpretation of the founding as it is a fusion of recent scholarship. The story revolves around two questions: Why did a group of political elites decide to construct a radically new document? And how did they convince the people to [End Page 427] ratify it? Klarman frequently places the voices of participants at the forefront, and the breadth of research exemplified in the hundreds of textual sources is impressive, though at times the number of quotations can get in the way of the narrative. Among other things, The Framers' Coup demonstrates the importance of the many different papers projects for political figures as well as ongoing thematic projects like The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution, which form the basis for much of Klarman's primary sources. The Framers' Coup is mostly organized chronologically, with chapters on the conditions that facilitated a conservative revolution, the debates at the convention, and the battles between Federalists and Antifederalists. There is also a chapter that examines James Madison's Bill of Rights. Each of these sections is brimming with historiographical heft and meticulous detail. Klarman is to be commended for fitting in so much material. The book also highlights the contingency of the constitutional project at every turn, demonstrating that the victory and the permanence of the Constitution's aims were far from assured. I try to tell the story of the Constitution's origins in a way that demythifies it, Klarman explains (p. 5). At every step in the process, things could have taken a different direction. The book begins with the political and cultural context immediately following the Revolutionary War. How did the nation operate under the Articles of Confederation? The standard of unanimity for congressional decisions made many actions nearly impossible. Klarman demonstrates how difficult it was for the federal government to requisition money from individual states as well as to negotiate trades with foreign empires. For example, disagreements over a treaty with Spain were rooted in southerners' hopes for access to the Mississippi River and New Englanders' demands for more focus on economic exchange. It was daunting to balance both sets of interests. The Articles of Confederation, it seemed, were failing, and political elites were calling for something more. The Framers' Coup interweaves the many different events and personalities that eventually led to the Annapolis convention in 1786, which in turn paved the way for the Constitutional Convention the following year. The bulk of the book focuses on the convention itself. In a 130-page chapter, Klarman dissects nearly every discussion that took place among the delegates. It quickly becomes clear that the majority supported a more centralized form of sovereignty. Klarman's desire to flesh out nearly every argument and personality, however, sometimes makes the book rather tedious. (Though endnotes were used for sources, Klarman also inserts footnotes to provide background information whenever a new character enters the story, sometimes breaking up the flow of the narrative and serving as a distraction.) There is also a chapter dedicated to the compromises related to slavery. Drawing from recent scholarly trends, The Framers' Coup demonstrates that slavery was a central rather than..." @default.
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- W2800679699 title "The Framers' Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution by Michael J. Klarman" @default.
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