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- W2800848897 abstract "This thesis aimed to address two main questions. First, considering thatpersonality is frequently associated with cognitive abilities in humans, do chimpanzees’personalities and cognitive capacities covary in ways similar to what is observed inhumans, as well as older evolutionary cousins, rhesus macaques? Second, given thathuman and animal personality have previously been shown to relate to health andlongevity, does personality in chimpanzees also relate to various measures of health?Chapter 1 provides an introduction to and brief history of comparativepersonality psychology, particularly in the context of intelligence research andpsychosomatic medicine.Chapter 2 describes three studies with a group of 19 zoo-housed chimpanzeeswho interacted with touchscreen tasks over the course of 3 years of research. We foundthat high Conscientious chimpanzees were more likely to stick with the tasks, andperformed better as a results, but once their extra experience was taken into account,their performance advantage disappeared. However, we also found associations betweenbetter interest and performance with high Openness, high Extraversion, and lowAgreeableness.In Chapter 3 we examine performance in conjunction with personality, with 9rhesus macaques. The macaques also engaged with touchscreen tasks, but were expertsubjects and displayed plateau performance. We found consistent associations betweenmany measures of performance and both high Openness and high Friendliness (which issimilar to Extraversion).With Chapter 4 we transition to our studies of personality and health. Chapter 4examines personality and longevity in a sample of 538 personality rated, captivechimpanzees. These chimpanzees were followed for between 6 and 23 years after beingrated. We found that high Agreeableness chimpanzees were more likely to live longer,but no other personality traits had a significant impact on longevity.In Chapter 5, we compared biomarkers from samples of 177 chimpanzeeshoused at the Yerkes National Primate Research Centre, and 29,314 humans from theNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Both samples had been tested forthe most common haematological and metabolic blood biomarkers, and we used theseto assess stress in the form of allostatic load, between species. We found a similarstructure of biomarkers in across humans and chimpanzees.In Chapter 6, we took our allostatic load measure from chapter 5 and looked athow it was associated with personality, in the same chimpanzee sample from the YerkesPrimate Centre, and in the longitudinal Midlife in the United States and Midlife in Japanbiomarker study samples, which consisted of 993 and 382 individuals, respectively. Wefound that Agreeableness was associated with allostatic load in both human samples,whereas Dominance was associated with allostatic load in chimpanzees.Finally, Chapter 7 summarises the results presented in these five empiricalchapters, and places our findings in the context of the existing literature. We discuss thelimitations of the research, and offer some suggestions for future study." @default.
- W2800848897 created "2018-05-17" @default.
- W2800848897 creator A5005978689 @default.
- W2800848897 date "2018-07-02" @default.
- W2800848897 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2800848897 title "Chimpanzee personality and its relations with cognition and health: a comparative perspective" @default.
- W2800848897 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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