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• W280366959 abstract "ABSTRACT Changes in air traffic control systems and procedures can result in a variety of changes in how controllers coordinate their activities, communicate, and perform their tasks. It is important to anticipate the effects of these changes before they are made, but no single method is adequate to assess all human performance issues. In this paper, we present a trio of complimentary methods to assess a variety of human performance issues and discuss the analytical merits of each. The methods include Cognitive Analysis and Modeling, Critical Incident Analysis, and Controller Coordination Analysis. For each method, we highlight its purpose and outline the product, with specific examples drawn from the domain of air traffic control in the tower environment. Keywords Air Traffic Control, Cognitive Task Analysis, Cognitive Modeling, Coordination Analysis, Critical Incident Analysis, GOMS INTRODUCTION In an effort to alleviate congestion, many airports are seeking means to increase capacity. Such means typically include procedural revisions, the construction or reconfiguration of taxiways, and the construction or reconfiguration of runways. Reconfigurations that entail the construction of new runways and taxiways will almost always require procedural revisions, and they may also entail additional changes, such as the construction of satellite control towers or the reconfiguration of an existing control tower. While such improvements may increase capacity, they may also significantly change air traffic controller decision making and communication. So before such procedural changes are made, it is necessary to predict the effects they will have on air traffic controller performance. Ideally, the new procedures would be evaluated in an interactive air traffic control tower simulator to predict how they will impact performance. However, such simulations are costly and time-consuming to construct and perform. Thus, our goal was to develop a Naturalistic Decision Making methodology that would identify key issues to guide the construction of scenarios for focused evaluation during simulation exercises. To gain a comprehensive understanding of controller decision-making and performance, we present a trio of complimentary approaches, including: the construction of controller cognitive models, an analysis of airport critical incidents, and an analysis of controller coordination. Our selection of methods was guided by the fact that a comprehensive review of air traffic control procedures would require analysis of both routine and non-routine operations (e.g., occasions where errors occurred) and events. Since we identified workload and task completion time as important aspects of controller performance, we determined that cognitive modeling would be a suitable approach. But while cognitive modeling excels at predicting change for routine events, we determined that it would not adequately predict the effects of change in controller performance under non-" @default.
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• W280366959 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W280366959 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W280366959 title "Naturalistic Decision Making in the Air Traffic Control Tower: Combining Approaches to Support Changes in Procedures" @default.
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