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• W280509544 abstract "A sample of Ashkenazic and Sephardic Jews has been studied with respect to haplotypes at the 49f-49a Y-specific DNA probes. Only seven haplotypes were found in Jews, three of them (VII, VIII, and XI) being the most widespread. Haplotype distribution in the European nonJewish population is different. Genetic studies have proven to be a powerful aid in reconstructing the history of the Jews (Mourant et al. 1978; Karlin et al. 1979, 1982). Jews consist of two main groups: the Ashkenazi (who migrated only a few centuries ago to northeastern Europe and have since spread further) and the Sephardi (who have remained around the Mediterranean basin). Among the numerous genetic markers made available by recombinant DNA technology, the uniparentally inherited mtDNA and Y-specific polymorphisms provide exclusive and complementary information. Recently, Bonne-Tamir et al. (1986) and Tikopchinski et al. (1991) reported the genetic roots of Ashkenazic and Sephardic populations based on pedigree analysis of mtDNA and evaluated the extent of resemblance between them. We have examined two samples of Ashkenazim and Sephardim for the 49f-49a/7ag I Y-chromosome-specific polymorphisms. At present, the 49f and 49a probes are the most informative probes found (i.e., of all the Y-specific DNA probes studied until now) in terms of both the polymorphisms identified (Lucotte and Ngo 1985) and the number of populations examined. With these probes many Y-specific Taq I fragments have been detected, five of which (A, C, D, F, and I) could be present or absent (denoted by 1 or 0, respectively) or variable in size (A and D). These five polymorphic Taq I bands were considered as 5 independent allelic series, and 16 haplotypes (numbered I to XVI) were initially identified in the French population (Ngo et al. 1986). In the human populations examined so far by our own group (Breuil et al. 1987; Lucotte et al. 1989; Lucotte, Sriniva et al. 1990; Lucotte, Berriche 'Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology (CEABH), UER de Cochin Port Royal, 24 rue du Faubourg SaintJacques, 75014 Paris, France. Human Biology, October 1992, Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 757-761. Copyright © 1992 Wayne State University Press, Detroit, Michigan 48202 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.129 on Fri, 01 Jul 2016 05:34:29 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 758 / LUCOTTE AND DAVID et al. 1990), the 49f-49a /Taq I Y-DNA polymorphisms have proven to be powerful in differentiating human groups. Materials and Methods Seventy-three unrelated male individuals with Ashkenazic or Sephardic origin were examined. Blood specimens were collected, and highmolecular-weight DNA was extracted from the buffy coat. Five to ten micrograms of Taq I-digested DNA from each sample was separated by electrophoresis on 0.8% agarose gels, depurinated by soaking the gel for 15 min in 0.25 N HCl, denatured for 30 min in 0.5 N NaOH and 1 M NaCl, and neutralized for 30 min in 0.5 M Tris (pH = 7.5). Denatured DNA was transferred from the gel to Zetabind filters in 20 x SSC. Probes 49f and 49a were nick-translated to a specific activity of about 1-5 x 108 cpm//ig DNA. Prehybridized filters were then hybridized overnight (first with the 49f probe and then, after dehybridization of the filters, with the 49a probe) at 42°C in 50% formamide, 3x SSC, 0.02% Ficoll 400, 0.02% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.02% BSA, 20 m M sodium phosphate (pH = 6.7), 10% dextran sulfate, and 100 fig denatured and sonicated salmon sperm (DNA/ml). Hybridized filters were washed at 42°C in 2x SSC, dried, and exposed for autoradiography at 70°C with sensible Cronex 4 films in cassettes with intensifying screens. Results and Discussion Our sample of 39 Ashkenazim and 34 Sephardim has been studied with respect to the corresponding polymorphisms and haplotypes, and the results obtained are compared with those of some other neighboring nonJewish southwestern European samples (196 from France, 46 from Italy, 31 from Spain, and 26 from Portugal). The frequencies of the haplotypes in these populations of unrelated individuals are given in Table 1 , and the most important resulting patterns are shown in Figure 1 . Although the two Jewish samples are small, comparisons of the frequencies of the various polymorphic fragments in Ashkenazim and Sephardim show no statistically significant difference between them. On the whole, only seven haplotypes were found in Jews, three of them (VII, VIII, and XI) being the most widespread. Haplotype distribution in non-Jewish populations is different, the most widespread haplotypes being XV, XII, and V, in that order. With respect to the Y-DNA polymorphisms studied, the Ashkenazic and Sephardic populations resemble each other more than they do neighboring nonJe wish populations. According to our markers, we conThis content downloaded from 207.46.13.129 on Fri, 01 Jul 2016 05:34:29 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms" @default.
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• W280509544 date "1992-01-01" @default.
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• W280509544 title "Brief Communication: Y-Chromosome-Specific Haplotypes of Jews Detected by Probes 49f and 49a" @default.
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