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• W2807259968 abstract "Objective: High potassium (K+) intake decreases blood pressure (BP) while high sodium (Na+) intake increases BP. Na+ and K+ intake are usually estimated with a single 24-hour urine collection. However, recent studies show that a single 24-hour urine sample is inaccurate for estimation of long-term Na+ intake. We investigated whether long-term K+ intake can be estimated with a single 24-hour urine collection, and whether urine Na+/K+ ratio may be a more stable parameter to assess electrolyte intake. Design and method: We selected adult subjects from a tertiary hospital with an eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73m2 who had an outpatient 24-hour urine collection between 1998–1999 and > 1 24-hour urine collection during follow-up. We estimated urine K+ excretion and Na+/K+ ratio at baseline and during 1-, 5- and 15-year follow-up. We used Cox regression analysis to assess the association between K+ excretion and Na+/K+ ratio, and cardiovascular (CV) events or mortality, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or mortality. Results: We included 541 subjects aged 47 ± 14 years of whom 47% were male. We analysed 7,885 24-hour urine samples. Mean K+ excretion (74 ± 30 mmol) and mean Na+/K+ ratio (2.5 ± 1.2) were similar at baseline and follow-up. However, compared to baseline, individual K+ excretion was > 20% different in half of the subjects when using 1/5/15-year estimates (Fig A). As a result, 43–48% changed from K+ excretion tertile or urine Na+/K+ ratio tertile when estimates were based on longitudinal data instead of baseline data (Fig C-D). We recorded 113 CV events, 83 ESRD cases and 87 deaths. Although no associations between K+ excretion or Na+/K+ ratio and CV or renal outcomes were observed using baseline estimates, we observed a lower risk for ESRD with higher K+ excretion and a higher risk of ESRD with higher urine Na+/K+ ratios when estimates were based on longitudinal data (Fig E-F). Hazard ratios derived from baseline and follow-up data were up to 76% different. The inconsistency was similar for K+ excretion and Na+/K+ ratio. Conclusions: A single 24-hour urine collection is insufficient for estimation of long-term K+ intake or urine Na+/K+ ratio and the associated CV and renal risk." @default.
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• W2807259968 date "2018-06-01" @default.
• W2807259968 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2807259968 title "SINGLE VERSUS MULTIPLE 24-HOUR URINE COLLECTIONS FOR ESTIMATION OF LONG-TERM POTASSIUM INTAKE AND THE ASSOCIATED CARDIOVASCULAR RISK" @default.
• W2807259968 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000539337.17809.6f" @default.
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