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• W2810359915 abstract "Plants have evolved a variety of phytochemicals to defense insect feeding, whereas insects have also evolved diverse detoxification enzymes, which are adaptively induced as a prosurvival mechanism. Herein, Z-ligustilide in Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. was found to exhibit a similar trend in the accumulation from December to May as the occurrence of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) larvae. Importantly, S. litura larvae feeding enhanced Z-ligustilide level in the stem and leaf ( p < 0.01). Moreover, Z-ligustilide ranging from 1 to 5 mg·g −1 exhibited remarkable larvicidal activity, antifeedant activity, and growth inhibition against S. litura larvae. The LC 50 values of larvicidal activity for phthalides in L. chuanxiong were compared as follows: Z-ligustilide > levistilide A > senkyunolide A > 3-butylidenephthalide > senkyunolide I, implicating the critical role of conjugated structure. Notably, there was a biphasic dose response for glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 (CYP) 450, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and Carboxylesterase (CarE) activities and GSTs1, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4S9, and CYP4M14 mRNA expression. Particularly, low dose (0.1 mg·g −1 ) of Z-ligustilide conferred the resistance of S. litura larvae against chlorpyrifos ( p < 0.05). Together, our data suggest that Z-ligustilide may function in a hormetic way in the chemical defense of L. chuanxiong against S. litura larvae." @default.
• W2810359915 created "2018-07-10" @default.
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• W2810359915 date "2018-07-02" @default.
• W2810359915 modified "2023-10-13" @default.
• W2810359915 title "Z-Ligustilide Exerted Hormetic Effect on Growth and Detoxification Enzymes of<i> Spodoptera litura</i> Larvae" @default.
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• W2810359915 doi "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7104513" @default.
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