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• W282854232 abstract "JBL 122/1 (2003) 89-110 (ProQuest Information and Learning: ... non-USASCII text omitted.) One of many unresolved issues pertaining to the longer version of the Gospel of Mark known to us from Clement of Alexandria's Letter to Theodore is the matter of how this writing originated.1 Most scholars consider it to be an expansion of the canonical Gospel, as Clement himself believed (1.18-21, 24-26). Others-most notably, Helmut Koester, Hans-Martin Schenke, and John Dominic Crossan-have argued that longer Mark represents an earlier form of the Markan text.2 The theories presented by those three scholars have been extensively critiqued,3 but the conclusion that longer Mark is an expansion of the canonical Gospel has not been established by default. The basic supposition of the school of longer Markan priority could still be correct even if the specific arguments of its founders are untenable. Scholars who doubt that canonical Mark is an abbreviation of the longer Gospel must therefore offer more generalized critique of the theory of longer Markan priority and positive evidence that the extant verses of the longer Gospel were not originally part of the Gospel of Mark. That is what this paper will attempt to do. I. The School of Longer Markan Priority Koester was the first to develop the theory that the canonical Gospel originated as revision of the longer Gospel, and this theory was quickly adapted in modified form by Schenke and in completely revised form by Crossan. According to Koester and Schenke, canonical Mark is the last version of Gospel that began as proto-Mark used by Matthew and Luke. Koester believes that this proto-Mark was elaborated into the secret Gospel in the early second century by redactor interested in portraying Jesus as a supernatural being endowed with magical powers and with 'new teaching'; this redactor added or developed number of motifs in the Markan Gospel that are not paralleled in the triple tradition by Matthew or Luke, including preoccupation with resurrection and wondrous amazement, 'mystery' as the sum total of Jesus' message to the disciples and probably similar interpretation of the term [epsilon]...[alpha][gamma][gamma][epsilon] [lambda][iota][omicron][nu] (gospel), and sacramental conception of Jesus' teachings.4 This redactor also added the incident of the young man who fled naked in Gethsemane (Mark 14:51-52) as well as the two incidents that are known to be unique to the longer Gospel of Mark: the account of Jesus coming to Bethany and raising this young man from the dead (= LGM 1, following Mark 10:34) and the reference to Jesus refusing to receive this man's mother, his sister, and Salome when Jesus arrives in Jericho (= LGM 2, following the first clause in Mark 10:46).5 According to Koester, in the first half of the second century this longer version of Mark was reworked into the Carpocratian longer version that Clement denounces in the Letter to Theodore.6 The canonical Gospel was produced still later, in the second half of the second century, by the removal of LGM 1 and 2 from the orthodox longer text; these passages were removed because they did not belong in public Gospel.7 Schenke modifies this part of Koester's thesis by suggesting that the Carpocratian Gospel was the original version of the longer Gospel. He bases this conclusion on the premise that earliest Alexandrian Christianity was heretical-according to the view of the specialists.8 There was no orthodox Christianity in place in the early second century to produce the orthodox version of longer Mark known to Clement, so that version must be later, purified edition of Carpocrates' text. The canonical Gospel was then derived from the orthodox longer Gospel through the removal of LGM 1 and 2. Crossan's theory is quite different. Impressed by Koester's insight yet unconvinced by his arguments, Crossan proposes that the production of secret Mark and the excision of LGM 1 and 2 that produced the canonical version occurred in the 70s of the first century, before the latter was used by Matthew and Luke. …" @default.
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• W282854232 date "2003-01-01" @default.
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• W282854232 title "On the Composition History of the Longer (Secret) Gospel of Mark" @default.
• W282854232 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3268092" @default.
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