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• W28605603 abstract "ABSTRACT Perceptions of incarcerated Indian youth were examined to give voice to their school experiences prior to adjudication. The purpose of the study was to examine what schools can do to help young Indian students to avoid involvement in crime. Participants from fourteen states (N = 136) provided information related to their overall school experiences, interactions with school personnel and other aspects of their schooling. Additionally, respondents discussed how schools might be improved to better meet their needs and what supports were needed for a successful return to the community. Career plans and demographic information were also collected. Two critical themes emerged from the data: (1) the absence of attention to tribal culture and its impact on self; and (2) the impact of a persistent lack of a caring adult in many students' lives. INTRODUCTION In the United today, it is 15 times more likely an youth will be killed violently as opposed to a youth in Northern Ireland, one of the most notoriously violent societies in the world (Gabardine, 1993). Americans have reacted to this quandary of violence by turning to political and judicial processes to deal with a youthful generation steeped in unprecedented criminal activity and a culture of violence. Legislatures have responded to the problem of youth violence by passing numerous measures in juvenile criminal law designed to curtail the lawlessness of our youth. Since 1992, legislative activity has produced revisions to laws covering juvenile crime in more than 90% of the States (Torbet, Gable, Hurst, Montgomery, Saymanski, & Thomas, 1996, p. 5). The tremendous increase in crime by youthful offenders has led to overcrowded conditions in juvenile holding facilities. Five years ago, 70,000 juveniles were in residential custody across the United with 96% of these young people having committed crimes that would have led to prosecution in adult court had the youth been an adult (Office of juvenile justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1997). Youths being held in local adult jails rose 20% from 1994 to 1995. Nearly 80% of those youths less than 18 years old were being held as adults in jail (Sickmund, Snyder, & Poe-Yamagata, 1997). Indians have not escaped the national trend in juvenile crime. In fact, the average annual rate of violent victimizations among all Indians (including Native Alaskans and Aleuts) was 124 per 1,000 versus 49 per 1,000 for whites (Federal Probation, 1999). According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics report, American Indians are the victims of violent crimes at more than twice the rate of all United residents (Federal Probation, 1999, p. 88). The research presented here strives to go beyond the statistics and political rhetoric of Indian juvenile crime and seek out the individual stories from juvenile detention centers across the United States. The foundational belief for our research can be summed up in the words of a 1 7-year old: If you had a problem in the Black community, and you brought together a group of white people to discuss how to solve it, almost nobody would take that panel seriously. In fact, there'd be a public outcry. It would be the same thing for women's issues or gay issues. Can you imagine a bunch of men sitting on the Mayor's Advisory Committee on Women? But every day, in local arenas all the way to the White House, adults sit around and decide what problems youth have and what youth need, without ever consulting us. (American Youth Policy Forum, 2000, p. 22) This research is an attempt to give Indian youth an opportunity to speak out about a crucial element of their lives before entering incarceration - school. We will critically examine this important question: Can schools make an impact in juvenile crime prevention or are schools missing an opportunity to impact the lives of the students in a way that might lead significant numbers away from being part of the enormous increase in Indian juvenile crime statistics? …" @default.
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• W28605603 title "American Indian Children's Voices from Prison: School Days Remembered" @default.
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