Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2860744197> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2860744197 abstract "The Multiethnic Cohort Study has demonstrated that African Americans and Native Hawaiians have a higher risk for lung cancer due to cigarette smoking than Whites while Latinos and Japanese Americans have a lower risk. These findings are consistent with other epidemiologic studies in the literature. In this review, we summarize tobacco carcinogen and toxicant biomarker studies and genetic analyses which partially explain these differences. As determined by measurement of total nicotine equivalents in urine, which account for about 85% of the nicotine dose, African Americans take up greater amounts of nicotine than Whites per cigarette while Japanese Americans take up less. There are corresponding differences in the uptake of tobacco smoke carcinogens such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, 1,3-butadiene, and other toxic volatiles. The lower nicotine uptake of Japanese Americans is clearly linked to the preponderance of low activity forms of the primary nicotine metabolizing enzyme CYP2A6 in this ethnic group, leading to more unchanged nicotine in the body and thus lower smoking intensity. But the relatively high risk of Native Hawaiians and the low risk of Latino smokers for lung cancer are not explained by these factors. The possible role of epigenetics in modifying lung cancer risk among smokers is also discussed here. The results of these published studies may lead to a better understanding of susceptibility factors for lung cancer in cigarette smokers thus potentially identifying biomarkers that can detect those individuals at highest risk so that preventive approaches can be initiated at an early stage of the lung cancer development process." @default.
- W2860744197 created "2018-07-19" @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5013179873 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5022126431 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5033402104 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5046710077 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5050384161 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5053074659 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5054433219 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5061577144 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5062371918 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5063459619 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5068509910 @default.
- W2860744197 creator A5071824095 @default.
- W2860744197 date "2018-08-22" @default.
- W2860744197 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
- W2860744197 title "Tobacco biomarkers and genetic/epigenetic analysis to investigate ethnic/racial differences in lung cancer risk among smokers" @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1488647627 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1585613204 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1804932677 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1974047233 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1991811946 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W1997824331 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2006345816 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2014437007 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2019131883 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2023026302 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2029781096 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2031126850 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2041154428 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2042408865 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2044122549 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2052501528 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2054801287 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2054939153 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2056215168 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2056617807 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2057749448 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2061010803 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2068207201 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2070273791 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2070611230 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2074746593 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2082736690 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2090096946 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2091487186 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2098436801 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2101324933 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2103465143 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2104300284 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2104733289 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2108176813 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2109682064 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2110096964 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2110221796 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2113796991 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2115105291 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2116247267 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2116565281 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2117129376 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2124407126 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2125180026 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2129409186 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2130038381 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2130528787 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2131546799 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2142260353 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2142309127 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2142441835 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2144998962 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2152272337 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2154417913 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2154991741 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2156826712 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2161080415 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2161560154 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2163578362 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2169463741 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2169556367 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2191110339 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2198134860 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2204204249 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2258794985 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2263363622 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2265071267 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2282987859 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2294448738 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2324180841 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2413243445 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2416310901 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2501176776 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2508096274 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2512099351 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2523220146 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2523285199 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2550204629 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2554984004 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2559867197 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2563174220 @default.
- W2860744197 cites W2586845319 @default.