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• W286361837 abstract "I. INTRODUCTION The headline, splashed across The Sunday Times of London on its first edition of 2003, read, Silenced by the Rule of the Gun. The photo beneath showed four young gang members posing proudly with their illegal firearms.1 Flamboyant, yes, but the article's content certainly justified its grim title. Just after 7 p.m. on New Year's Day, a man sitting in his car on a suburban street in Sheffield was shot in the head at point-bank range.2 In the early hours of the next day, four teenage girls, while leaving a New Year's party in Birmingham, were sprayed with bullets from a machine gun-a weapon banned for sixty-seven years.3 Farther down the page, another article reported a siege in Hackney, a borough described as long used to gun law, where, for the tenth straight day, police were attempting to lure a gunman out of his flat. The gun violence over New Year was not an anomaly; a gun crime protest march in Southwark a month earlier had to be re-routed after a young man was shot.4 Behind the tragic January shootings lie sober statistics. Firearm and handgun crimes have risen sharply, despite England's increasing restrictions on firearms over the past eighty years and the ban of handguns for the past five years. Since the 1997 ban, handgun crime has more than doubled.5 In 2002, gun crime rose-for the fourth consecutive year-by thirty-five percent; crime with banned handguns rose by forty-six percent. That year also saw nearly 10,000 firearm offenses committed.6 II. CRIME RATES OF ENGLAND AND OTHER NATIONS Armed crime is only part of an increasingly lawless English environment. The English rate of violent crime is also high when compared to those of other developed nations.7 A United Nations study in 2002 of eighteen industrialized countries, including the United States, found England and Wales at the top of the Western world's crime league.8 England had the worst record for very offenses and boasted nearly fifty-five crimes per hundred people.9 The comparison with the United States is especially interesting because those who support gun restrictions are fond of contrasting the crime rates and strict gun laws of England with the laws in America. Thirty-five states now permit lawabiding residents to carry a concealed weapon. The comparison with the United States no longer fits the old stereotype of England as the peaceable kingdom, and America as the violent republic. By 1995, England's rate of violence for every type of violent crime, with the exception of murder and rape, had substantially surpassed America's.10 Of course, murder is an important exception, and the American murder rate has been substantially higher than the English rate for at least two hundred years.11 However, the English and American rates are now converging. While Americans have enjoyed a decade of sharply declining rates of homicide, English rates have risen dramatically.12 None of this was supposed to happen in Britain, where the strictest gun regulations of any democracy were customarily credited with producing a low rate of armed and violent crime.13 The safety of the British people has been staked on the thesis that fewer private guns means less crime: a weapon in the hands of any man or woman, however law-abiding, poses a danger to society, and disarming that person lessens the chance that criminals will get or use those weapons. In the name of public safety, the government first limited the right to private firearms, then forbade the carrying of any item useful for self-defense, and finally limited the permissible scope of self-defense itself.14 With gun crime becoming an increasingly serious problem, it is fair to ask whether strict gun legislation has, in fact, produced the claimed low levels of violent crime. Has this trade-off, this restraint on personal liberty, which involves restricting the right and the ability to defend oneself, actually enhanced public safety? The historical record can help answer that question. …" @default.
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• W286361837 date "2003-10-01" @default.
• W286361837 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W286361837 title "Lessons of History: Firearms Regulation and the Reduction of Crime" @default.
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