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• W286865197 abstract "General (GS) does not mean the study of words. It largely involves applying the techniques, habits, and viewpoints of science problems of everyday living. For example, rather than grousing about things that annoy you, GS encourages the use of the scientific method (observe, hypothesize, experiment, and conclude) change or cope with them. GS was devised by Alfred Korzybski, a Polish-American philosopher-scientist, who proposed in the early part of the twentieth century that we replace the doctrine of survival of the fittest with the broader policy of survival of the human race. To that end, he postulated his celebrated time-binding theory, which puts forth the notion that human beings are the only species that can pass symbolic information across generations. Animals cannot transfer such knowledge; that's why beavers still build their dams the same way their forebears did thousands of years ago. Humans are able live in skyscrapers rather than caves because of our ability time-bind. GS notes that people have been crippling themselves for thousands of years with archaic Aristotelian reasoning that we've inherited from the Greek philosopher Aristotle, who lived in the fourth century BC. Three of Aristotle's assumptions, in particular, have led poor ways of thinking: his Law of Identity (e.g., facts are facts, a stone is a stone, the truth is the truth), his Law of the Excluded Middle (something is either one thing or another--e.g., good or bad, tall or short, fat or thin), and his Law of Non-Contradiction (e.g., a fact is a fact and nothing but a fact). Although you can argue that these laws are common GS observes that facts can change (e.g., it was once considered a fact that the world was fiat), things are rarely one thing or another but usually something in between (e.g., a shade of gray not simply black or white), and something can be a fact and not a fact (e.g., The paradox: barber shaves every man in the village who doesn't shave himself, who shaves the barber? To every rule, there is an exception). Individuals relate their world the way they symbolize it, and it was this idea that led Korzybski semantics, a word that comes from the Greek semantikos, which means to signify or stand for. Because words are our most commonly used symbols, semantics most people denotes words, their meanings, and derivations. In the wider sense, however, any symbolic expression, such as pictures, music, gestures, and numbers, may involve semantics. To help people think more like scientists do when they are engaging in the practice of science and trying figure out what is going on in the world, GS recommends operationalizing vague phraseology with concrete definitions. To wit, happiness, wealth, success, and are somewhat fuzzy words without specific referents. Operationalizing them supplies such referents (think to me after each of the following definitions): happiness is a warm cream cheese and jelly bagel, wealth is having over a million dollars, success is getting an A in the course you are taking, is getting an F in that course. (NB: Success and failure do not exist in nature. They are human constructions that are constructed by human beings for human purposes. It took Edison 10,000 tries come up with a working light bulb. He said with each of those tries he successfully found another technique not make a functioning bulb.) Another means be more scientific entails using what GS labels extensional devices. Such devices include the following: * Indexing: Instead of simply chair, think of chair', chair2, chair3, etc., noting differences among the chairs as well as similarities. …" @default.
• W286865197 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W286865197 date "2013-01-01" @default.
• W286865197 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W286865197 title "Why General Semantics" @default.
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