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- W288052107 abstract "David M. Christie The time-space and geochemical evolution of the volcanic Iraces generated by the Walvis and St. Helena hot spots have important implications for reconstructing plate motions over mantle-fixed hot spots, and for understanding the geochemical structure of the mantle. Assuming that the Walvis and St. Helena hot spots are both broad and diffuse (i.e., greater than 500 km in diameter), two Euler poles are sufficient to reconstruct African plate migration such that predicted geometries and ages of the volcanic traces generated by these hot spots accord with the observed trends of the Walvis Ridge, the St. Helena Seamount Chain, and in the case of the Reunion hot spot, the Mascarene Plateau. The velocity of the African plate is calculated from the distribution of 40Ar-39Ar basement ages along these volcanic traces and incorporates an uncertainty of 4.5', due to the inferred broad, diffuse nature of the associated hot spots. Westward migration of the South Atlantic spreading-axis away from the St. Helena and Walvis hot spots, beginning between 80 and 70 Ma, changed the plate tectonic setting in which the Walvis Ridge and the St. Helena Chain were forming simultaneously from on-axis to intraplate. Hyperbolic Nd-Pb, Sr-Pb, and linear Pb-Pb isotopic covariations in lavas dredged from the St. Helena Chain suggest a continuum of mixing between HIMU and EM 1 mantle components. Mixing between depleted mantle (i.e. DMM) and compositions from the HIMUEM 1 continuum best explains the enigma of a single St. Helena Seamount sample plotting below this twocomponent mixing array. Basalt drilled from Cretaceous seafloor formed close to the Walvis hot spot was apparently derived from a mixture of EM1, HIMU, and DMM. Three mantle components (HIMU, EM1, and DMM) are therefore available to the St. Helena and Walvis hot spot sources. Finally, it is suggested that variability in plume temperature plays a significant role in controlling the isotopic composition of hot spot lavas, leadng to the association of predominantly EM 1-like Redacted for Privacy lavas with hot, vigorous plumes and, conversely, predominantly more HIMU-like lavas with cooler, less vigorous plumes. The Evolution of South Atlantic Hot Spot Systems: An Integrated Geochronological and Geochemical Investigation" @default.
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- W288052107 date "1991-05-31" @default.
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- W288052107 title "The evolution of south Atlantic hot spot systems : an integrated geochronological and geochemical investigation" @default.
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