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- W2883309676 abstract "Background: Influenza transmission is increased among household contacts. Vaccination decreases transmission, however it is unclear how vaccinating a single individual in a household alters disease risk among close contacts, particularly in regions with low vaccination coverage. Methods & Materials: Pregnant Malian women were randomized to influenza or meningococcal vaccination, household contacts less than five years of age were enrolled for influenza surveillance. Households were visited weekly until infants born to enrolled women reached six months of age. In the event of influenza like illness (ILI), oral and nasopharyngeal swabs were tested for laboratory confirmed influenza (LCI). Among household contacts, yearly incidence of LCI and a rate ratio (RtR) comparing incidence between households by vaccine group were calculated. The secondary attack rate (SAR) was calculated for all households where LCI was detected. The H1N1 strain in the vaccine was a match for circulating H1N1 during the study thus all analyses were performed for H1N1 as well as any LCI. Results: There were 5,345 children less than five years of age followed for a mean of 228 days (SD.=.45 days). There were 2,957 ILI episodes and incidence of any LCI and H1N1 was 0.08 per year (N.=.240) and 0.03 per year (N.=.89), respectively. Children living in households where women received influenza vaccine had fewer LCI (RtR.=.0.90; 95%CI: 0.71, 1.14) and fewer H1N1 (RtR.=.0.73; 95%CI: 0.48, 1.11) episodes than children living in households where women received meningococcal vaccine). Socioeconomic status predicted household LCI (p.<.0.01). H1N1 SAR was 0.06 and was lower among households where women received influenza vaccine (RtR.=.0.94, 95%CI: 0.39, 2.22). Conclusion: Incidence of LCI and household SAR were low in households of women enrolled in a vaccine trial in Mali. While low incidence made statistical significance difficult to detect, there was a trend for decreased rates of H1N1 in households where a single adult received influenza vaccination. Further study is needed to determine if this finding can be reproduced in a larger population with higher LCI incidence." @default.
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- W2883309676 date "2018-08-01" @default.
- W2883309676 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2883309676 title "Maternal influenza vaccination and the risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza among household contacts under the age of five in Mali" @default.
- W2883309676 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4224" @default.
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