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- W2887286475 abstract "X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) made available a new regime of x-ray intensities, revolutionizing the ultrafast structure determination and laying the foundations of the novel field of nonlinear x-ray optics. Although earlier studies revealed nanoplasma formation when an XFEL pulse interacts with any nanometer-scale matter, the formation process itself has never been decrypted and its timescale was unknown. Here we show that time-resolved ion yield measurements combined with a near-infrared laser probe reveal a surprisingly ultrafast population (∼12 fs), followed by a slower depopulation (∼250 fs) of highly excited states of atomic fragments generated in the process of XFEL-induced nanoplasma formation. Inelastic scattering of Auger electrons and interatomic Coulombic decay are suggested as the mechanisms populating and depopulating, respectively, these excited states. The observed response occurs within the typical x-ray pulse durations and affects x-ray scattering, thus providing key information on the foundations of x-ray imaging with XFELs.Received 6 October 2017Revised 4 June 2018DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.8.031034Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasAutoionization & Auger processesLaser-cluster interactionLight-matter interactionSpectroscopy of clustersUltrafast phenomenaPhysical SystemsAtomsClustersRydberg atoms & moleculesX-ray lasersTechniquesFemtosecond laser irradiationHard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopyPhotoionizationPump-probe spectroscopyUltrafast pump-probe spectroscopyX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyAtomic, Molecular & OpticalPlasma Physics" @default.
- W2887286475 created "2018-08-22" @default.
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- W2887286475 date "2018-08-02" @default.
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- W2887286475 title "Following the Birth of a Nanoplasma Produced by an Ultrashort Hard-X-Ray Laser in Xenon Clusters" @default.
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- W2887286475 doi "https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.8.031034" @default.
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