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• W2890691159 abstract "The present study seeks to investigate prison subcultures in the Iranian cultural context with regardto drug-related crimes. Following this vein, the main objective is to compare the subculture ofprisons as governmental institutions with that of non-governmental treatment institutions.‘National threat’, ‘danger’, and ‘criminal’, are the terms used to legitimize the mass incarcerationof drug users since the ‘war on drugs’ began in the Islamic Republic of Iran in 1979. This policyhad a number of unintended consequences, including the way that incarceration of first timeoffenders may actually produce professional criminals as a result of exposure to prisonenvironment. Therefore, the argument that drug-related offenders need to be medically curedinstead of locked up was put forward and led Iranian authorities to introduce treatment regimes inthe 1990s. Drug users have been re-categorized since that period from ‘criminals’ to ‘patients’while their moral weakness was justified by a medical cause.The key research question of this thesis explores: how drug-related criminals and drugusers experience and adapt to the context of prison and NGO Treatment Centers? I utilizedGrounded Theory to examine this question, and extracted seven categories to explain the subcultureof prisons: (1) unstable pyramid, (2) captives as a society, (3) battle zone, (4) hegemony ofdrug-related networks, (5) shifting identities, (6) instrumental relationships, and (7) two sides ofthe same coin. Moreover, four categories were extracted to explain the sub-culture of ‘NarcoticAnonymous’, including: 1) horizontal network; 2) restricted and exclusive trust; 3) constructingand reconstructing identity; and 4) gender-based reintegration.A key element in the lives of drug users both inside and outside the legal system, is their‘contested identities’. The modern era produces contested identities almost everywhere.Individuals in the modern world struggle with these contested identities not only in prison but also in their treatment centers. A distinctive feature of drug addicts’ contested identities refers to theirmultiple exclusiveness." @default.
• W2890691159 created "2018-09-27" @default.
• W2890691159 creator A5076802519 @default.
• W2890691159 date "2018-07-18" @default.
• W2890691159 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2890691159 title "Prison subculture and drug-related crimes in Iran" @default.
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