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• W2890837387 startingPage "2075" @default.
• W2890837387 abstract "A key for earcon design in public environments is to incorporate an individual’s perceived level of cognitive load for better communication. This study aimed to examine the cognitive load changes required to perform a melodic contour identification task (CIT). While healthy college students (N = 16) were presented with five CITs, behavioral (reaction time and accuracy) and cerebral hemodynamic responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Our behavioral findings showed a gradual increase in cognitive load from CIT1 to CIT3 followed by an abrupt increase between CIT4 (i.e., listening to two concurrent melodic contours in an alternating manner and identifying the direction of the target contour, p < 0.001) and CIT5 (i.e., listening to two concurrent melodic contours in a divided manner and identifying the directions of both contours, p < 0.001). Cerebral hemodynamic responses showed a congruent trend with behavioral findings. Specific to the frontopolar area (Brodmann’s area 10), oxygenated hemoglobin increased significantly between CIT4 and CIT5 (p < 0.05) while the level of deoxygenated hemoglobin decreased. Altogether, the findings indicate that the cognitive threshold for young adults (CIT5) and appropriate tuning of the relationship between timbre and pitch contour can lower the perceived cognitive load and, thus, can be an effective design strategy for earcon in a public environment." @default.
• W2890837387 created "2018-09-27" @default.
• W2890837387 creator A5000153685 @default.
• W2890837387 creator A5049810910 @default.
• W2890837387 creator A5050375635 @default.
• W2890837387 creator A5085211110 @default.
• W2890837387 date "2018-09-21" @default.
• W2890837387 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2890837387 title "Cognitive Load Changes during Music Listening and its Implication in Earcon Design in Public Environments: An fNIRS Study" @default.
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• W2890837387 doi "https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102075" @default.
• W2890837387 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6210363" @default.
• W2890837387 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30248908" @default.
• W2890837387 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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