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- W2891089991 abstract "Seven years ago a chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient was for the first time successfully treated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells (CAR-T cells) to target CD19 overexpression in tumor cells. This was the beginning of the development of a new type of immunotherapy treatment in cancer patients. Since then, identification of novel antigens expressed in tumor cells and optimization of both CAR constructs and protocols of administration have opened up new avenues for the successful treatment of other hematological malignancies. However, research still continues to avoid some problems such as toxicities associated with the treatment and to find strategies to avoid tumor cell immune evasion mechanisms. On the other hand, for solid tumors, CAR-T therapy results are still in an early phase. In contrast to hematological malignancies, the complex tumor heterogeneity of solid tumors has led to the research of novel and challenging strategies to improve CAR-T cell activity. Here, we will review the main clinical results obtained with CAR-T cells in hematological malignancies, specifically focusing on CAR-T-19 and CAR-T against B-cell maturation antigen (CAR-T-BCMA). Moreover, we will mention the main problems that decrease CAR-T cell activity in solid tumors and the strategies to overcome them. Finally, we will present some of the first clinical results obtained for solid tumors.Yedi sene önce kronik lenfositik lösemili bir hasta ilk kez başarılı olarak tümör hücrelerinde aşırı sunulan CD19’u hedefleyen kimerik antijen reseptör (CAR)-ile değiştirilmiş T hücreleri (CAR-T hücreleri) ile tedavi edilmiştir. Bu kanser hastalarında yeni bir tip immünoterapinin gelişiminin başlangıcını oluşturmaktaydı. Bunu takiben, tümör hücrelerinde sunulan yeni antijenlerin tanımlanması ve CAR yapılarını ve uygulama protokolleri diğer hematolojik habis tümörlerin başarılı tedavisi için yeni yollar açmıştır. Ancak, tedavi ile ilişkili toksisite gibi bazı problemlerin önlenmesi ve tümör hücresinin immün kaçış mekanizmalarıyla baş edilmesi ile ilgili çalışmalar halen devam etmektedir. Ayrıca, solid tümörler için, CAR-T tedavi sonuçları halen erken dönemdedir. Hematolojik habis tümörlerin aksine, solid tümörlerin karmaşık tümör heterojenitesi CAR-T hücre aktivitesi arttırmaya yönelik yeni ve zorlayıcı stratejilerinin araştırılmasına yol açmıştır. Burada, CAR-T hücrelerinin hematolojik habis tümörlerdeki, özellikle de CAR-T-19 ve B-hücre matürasyon antijenine karşı CAR-T’nin (CAR-T-BCMA) başlıca klinik sonuçlarını gözden geçireceğiz. Ayrıca, solid tümörlerde CAR-T hücre aktivitesini azaltan problemlerden ve bunların üstesinden gelmeye yarayan stratejilerden bahsedeceğiz. Son olarak, solid tümörlerdeki ilk klinik çalışmaların bazılarını sunacağız." @default.
- W2891089991 created "2018-09-27" @default.
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- W2891089991 date "2018-09-06" @default.
- W2891089991 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2891089991 title "CAR-T cell therapy, a door is open to find innumerable possibilities of treatments for cancer patients" @default.
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- W2891089991 doi "https://doi.org/10.4274/tjh.2018.0196" @default.
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