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• W2891468453 abstract "In the European Union 43.5% of the land area is used for agricultural purposes,providing food, feed and fiber for the population, but also causing detrimental environmentalimpact. Agri-environmental indicators (AEIs) are used to measure, andcommunicate environmental performance of agriculture, and serve as important toolsto develop and evaluate progress of agri-environmental policy and measures.In this paper, commonly used AEIs for describing some of the biggest environmentalissues coupled to agriculture, are analyzed, and applied to Sweden, to describethe present environmental performance of Swedish food production. An internationalcomparison, including countries with similar climatic and agricultural conditions toSweden, is used as support for discussing the difference in performance and the underlyingcauses. Novel indicators are also presented: Nutrient leaching per kg protein,and Ammonia emission per kg milk/meat, to visualize the link between foodproduction and environmental impact. The paper is mainly based on a literature review,and the analysis and processing of data from Eurostat, OECD, FAO and EEA.In comparison to the countries presented in this paper, Sweden has a high environmentalperformance in Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), Gross nutrient balance,Nutrient leaching, Ammonia emissions (NH3) and Pesticide use, when expressed inkg/ha. The performance for the indicators Nitrate pollution of groundwater and Agriculturalwater use was also high (above average). The performance was low (belowaverage) when NH3 emission was expressed in mass units (kg/ton), for beef meat.The performance was average for the indicator Soil erosion. The performance wasalso average when Nutrient leaching, GHG and NH3 emissions (pig, poultry andmilk) were expressed in mass units (kg/kg). The overall high performance of Swedishfood production is mainly explained by low nutrient inputs and low livestock densitiesin Sweden, compared to the other countries in this study.Driving force and pressure indicators do not always manage to predict environmentalperformance, i.e. a high use of mineral fertilizers or a high gross nutrient balancedoes not necessarily mean that nutrient leaching is correspondently high. Naturalconditions (soil type and precipitation) are likely a part of the explanation. Thefunctional unit had great impact on the results, when the functional unit was massbased (kg), instead of land based (ha), countries with intensive production (high Animal-or Plant-Protein production per ha) were favored. When using mass based indicators(kg), the total environmental impact might still be high, even if the indicatorresult indicates low impact, thus mass based indicators should not be used alone ifthe aim is to describe total environmental impact." @default.
• W2891468453 created "2018-09-27" @default.
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• W2891468453 date "2018-08-30" @default.
• W2891468453 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2891468453 title "The environmental performance of Swedish food production" @default.
• W2891468453 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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