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• W2891524299 abstract "Energy harvesting by animals is important because it provides the power needed for all metabolic processes. Beyond this, efficient food finding enhances individual fitness [1Pyke G.H. Pulliam H.R. Charnov E.L. Optimal Foraging: A Selective Review of Theory and Tests.Q. Rev. Biol. 1977; 52: 137-154Crossref Google Scholar] and population viability [2Côté S.D. Rooney T.P. Tremblay J.-P. Dussault C. Waller D.M. Ecological impacts of deer overabundance.Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2004; 35: 113-147Crossref Scopus (1399) Google Scholar], although rates of energy accumulation are affected by the environment and food distribution. Typically, differences between individuals in the rate of food acquisition are attributed to varying competencies [3Darwin C. Bynum W.F. The origin of species by means of natural selection: or, the preservation of favored races in the struggle for life. Penguin, 2009Google Scholar], even though food-encounter rates are known to be probabilistic [4McNamara J. Houston A. Starvation and predation in a patchy environment.in: Shorrocks B. Swingland I. Living in a Patchy Environment. Oxford University Press, 1990Google Scholar]. We used animal-attached technology to quantify food intake in four disparate free-living vertebrates (condors, cheetahs, penguins, and sheep) and found that inter-individual variability depended critically on the probability of food encounter. We modeled this to reveal that animals taking rarer food, such as apex predators and scavengers, are particularly susceptible to breeding failure because this variability results in larger proportions of the population failing to accrue the necessary resources for their young before they starve and because even small changes in food abundance can affect this variability disproportionately. A test of our model on wild animals indicated why Magellanic penguins have a stable population while the congeneric African penguin population has declined for decades. We suggest that such models predicting probabilistic ruin can help predict the fortunes of species operating under globally changing conditions." @default.
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• W2891524299 date "2018-12-01" @default.
• W2891524299 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
• W2891524299 title "Luck in Food Finding Affects Individual Performance and Population Trajectories" @default.
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• W2891524299 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.10.034" @default.
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