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- W2891619843 abstract "The need to reduce the cost of components is driving more and more machineelements to operate under mixed lubrication conditions. With higher operatingpressures, the lubricant film is becoming thinner and eventually reaches nanometrescales, comparable to the surface roughness. Thus, understanding the mixedlubrication phenomenon is becoming increasingly important. However, the mixedlubrication phenomenon is difficult to capture experimentally and the lubricantadditive ZDDP (Zinc Dialkyl Dithio Phosphate) shows its full antiwear character inthe mixed lubrication conditions. This research stems from the need for models thatcan simulate contact mechanics, lubrication and tribochemistry in a single framework.This is the key to understanding and optimizing the lubrication systems to meet futureneeds.To this end, a numerically efficient procedure based upon the tridiagonal solution ofthe Reynolds equation is developed and is implemented, in Fortran to solve theequations line by line to incorporate more information from the current iteration step.The asperity contacts are handled by the unified solution algorithm. A new strategyto simulate plastic deformation in a lubricated contact is developed.Under practical loading conditions, the pressures inside the contact can reach valuesfar above the material yielding limit. Thus, an efficient numerical scheme is devisedto include the elastic perfectly plastic behaviour in the EHL solution procedure tosimulate realistic contact conditions with minimal increase in computational cost.The Boussinesq deformation integrals result in a convolution of pressure and thedeformation which is solved using Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) by modifying thesolution domain to create a cyclic convolution. Code is developed to allow exploration of the highly optimized C-based library (www.fftw.org). The use of FFTs speeds upthe solution process many times and makes the use of denser grids and larger timescales accessible.A mesh size of 129 x 129 is found to give reasonable results. The simulation resultsfrom the current study agree very well with the previously published results. Theevolution of contact area ratio and the central film thickness exhibit a Stribeck typebehaviour and the transition speeds at which the contact transits from EHL to mixedand from mixed to complete boundary lubrication can be precisely identified.Existing tribofilm growth models developed for boundary lubrication are reviewedand a model based on the interface thermodynamics is adapted and integrated withthe mixed lubrication model to simulate tribochemistry. The problems with existingEHL concepts such as lambda ratio and central film thickness are identified and newdefinitions are proposed to allow understanding of the mixed lubrication mechanics.The mutual interaction between the tribofilm growth and lubricant film formation isstudied. Finally the wear of the tribological system is studied and the wear trackprofiles are predicted.The new model is then applied to study a ball-on-disc system to explore wear,tribochemistry and roughness evolution. The ZDDP tribofilm growth is studied andthe it is found that the final ZDDP tribofilm thickness is very weakly affected byincreasing SRR but the rate of formation and removal are strongly affected by theSRR value. The tribofilm growth results are validated against published numericaland experimental results. It is found that the antiwear action of the ZDDP tribofilm isnot only due to its chemical action but the ZDDP tribofilm helps to entrain morelubricant and improves contact performance. The presence of tribofilm roughens thecontact and the contact area and load ratio both increase due to tribofilm growth. It was also found that the use of conventional EHL parameters to analyse the behaviourof tribosystem is misleading. The flattening of the roughness inside the contact andthe proper identification of the central film thickness are crucial to the interpretationof the mixed lubrication results. The roughness of the ball generally decreases due towear but the presence of tribofilm limits this reduction. Contrary to this, the surfaceroughness of the ball generally increases due to wear but the presence of tribofilmresults in increased roughness of the ball." @default.
- W2891619843 created "2018-09-27" @default.
- W2891619843 creator A5078113115 @default.
- W2891619843 date "2018-02-01" @default.
- W2891619843 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2891619843 title "Modelling interfacial tribochemistry in the mixed lubrication regime" @default.
- W2891619843 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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