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• W2891775392 abstract "Electrospinning, an original polymer process under high electric fields to produce a network of thin fiber having a micrometer diameter, is widely used for the synthesis of nanofibrous non-woven membranes. The fabricated electrospun membranes have a high porosity and a high surface to volume ratio. Indeed, they reveal much interest and have been much developed in the last decades, which paves the way for numerous applications such as sensing, tissue engineering or drug delivery. Current research aims to have fibrous membranes with a controlled architecture using various types of collectors.This thesis is part of a global and emerging project that focuses on the production of structured scaffolds nanofibers based on biopolymers and dedicated to the therapeutic strategy for the regeneration of soft tissues.In the present work, the first focus was to develop new biocompatible and bioresorbable materials composed of nanoscale fibers obtained by electrospinning. In addition, this study examined the influence of viscosity, concentration, and surface tension of PEO solutions on the obtained fibers. Further, the flow rate, applied voltage and environmental parameters (temperature and humidity) were also optimized in the course of nanofibers production.Biocompatible fibers have been obtained by using PEO. It is a linear polymer that consists of ethylene and ether segments [-CH2CH2O-]n. The ether oxygen allows this polymer to interact with other hydrophilic species, while the ethylene part participates in hydrophobic interactions. Due to its water solubility, non-toxicity and electrospinn ability, PEO has been used as an additive in biopolymer solutions to enable the formation of electrospun fibers. The mechanical strength of the PEO depended on the molecular weight, the conformation of the polymer chains and the fiber scale, the structure of the network.The second major effort of this thesis focused on the control of the mesh fibers. Such research activity is justified by the expected influence of the morphology of the fiber network on the mechanical properties of scaffolds and their biomimetic character that could favor the colonization and growth of the cells of the host tissue. The control of this structure has been achieved through the development of collectors.The objective of this project is making non-woven fibrous structures in uncontrolled architecture as well as non-woven with controlled architecture by using the electrospinning process. These fibrous structures are obtained from Poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, solutions with different concentration and molecular weight. The deposit of fibers is made on two types of collectors: a) Aluminum foil, b) micro-structured collector (dimension 3×3 cm). The morphological analyses of the membranes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their mechanical properties were characterized by tensile test using the ARESG2 rheometer. The morphology of the electrospun polymer gradually changes from beads to uniform fibers with increasing polymer concentration and molecular weight. A comparative study of the morphological and mechanical (tensile test) properties, of both fibrous structures is performed. This study showed that it is possible to have a distribution of fiber forming a very uniform primitive cell in a network of dimension 3×3 cm. This structured network has a strain at the break more important than that for the network fibers, which are collected on Aluminum foil." @default.
• W2891775392 created "2018-09-27" @default.
• W2891775392 creator A5016202779 @default.
• W2891775392 date "2017-06-21" @default.
• W2891775392 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2891775392 title "Processing and characterisation of electrospun nanofibrous membranes : influence of polymer Rheology , structuration of fiber network and its mechanical properties" @default.
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