Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2891814316> ?p ?o ?g. }
Showing items 1 to 65 of
65
with 100 items per page.
- W2891814316 abstract "Author(s): Lafortune, Julien | Advisor(s): Rothstein, Jesse | Abstract: Public schools are the foundation of the American educational system, and the public K-12 education system is often idealized as being one of, if not the, “great equalizer” in American society. Despite this lofty ideal, educational resources are not equally distributed and there are tremendous discrepancies in student outcomes, both between and within schools. This dissertation examines the implications of such discrepancies in the provision of school resources, both financial and otherwise.In Chapter 1, I link data on new facility openings to administrative student and real estate records in Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) to provide new evidence on the importance of school capital expenditures for students and neighborhoods. Since 1997, LAUSD has built and renovated hundreds of schools as a part of the largest public school construction project in US history. Using an event-study design that exploits variation in the timing of new school openings, I find that spending 4 years in a new school increases test scores by 10% of a standard deviation in math, and 5% in English-language arts. This in part reflects non-cognitive improvements: Treated students attend four additional days per school year and teachers report greater effort. Effects do not appear to be driven by changes in class size, teacher composition, or peer composition, but reduced overcrowding plays a role. House prices increase by 6% in neighborhoods that receive new schools. Real estate capitalization is greater than program cost, implying a willingness-to-pay in the range of 1.2 to 1.6 per dollar spent.In Chapter 2, I study the impact of post-1990 school finance reforms, during the so-called “adequacy” era, on absolute and relative spending and achievement in low-income school districts. Using an event study research design that exploits the apparent randomness of reform timing, I show that reforms lead to sharp, immediate, and sustained increases in spending in low-income school districts. Using representative samples from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, I find that reforms cause increases in the achievement of students in these districts, phasing in gradually over the years following the reform. The implied effect of school resources on educational achievement is large.In Chapter 3, I consider educational discrepancies of a different sort: tracking and the segmentation of students into different curricular paths. In most U.S. schools, a significant track diversion occurs in 8th grade: higher-achieving students are tracked into Algebra, while lower-achieving students take Algebra in 9th grade or later. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design around prior-year test score proficiency thresholds, I examine the impact of tracking into Algebra in 8th grade rather than in high school. For students near the 80th percentile in the 7th grade state math distribution, advanced track enrollment leads to large increases in mathematics course-taking, AP course participation, and college entrance exam scores. However, for students near the 30th percentile in the 7th grade math distribution, advanced track enrollment is associated with large decreases in Algebra performance, with little indication of any longer-term gains. Results show that advanced math tracking in secondary schools has heterogeneous impacts on students based on prior math achievement. Expanding access to advanced math courses among high-achieving but not low-achieving students could yield large improvements in mathematics skills and college preparedness." @default.
- W2891814316 created "2018-09-27" @default.
- W2891814316 creator A5024014397 @default.
- W2891814316 date "2018-01-01" @default.
- W2891814316 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2891814316 title "Essays on the Distribution and Effectiveness of Educational Resources" @default.
- W2891814316 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
- W2891814316 type Work @default.
- W2891814316 sameAs 2891814316 @default.
- W2891814316 citedByCount "0" @default.
- W2891814316 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
- W2891814316 hasAuthorship W2891814316A5024014397 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C10138342 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C145420912 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C151730666 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C15744967 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C203151758 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C2777267654 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C2778872837 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C50522688 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C82279013 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C10138342 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C144024400 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C145420912 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C151730666 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C15744967 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C162324750 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C17744445 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C203151758 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C2777267654 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C2778872837 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C50522688 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C82279013 @default.
- W2891814316 hasConceptScore W2891814316C86803240 @default.
- W2891814316 hasLocation W28918143161 @default.
- W2891814316 hasOpenAccess W2891814316 @default.
- W2891814316 hasPrimaryLocation W28918143161 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W1482935562 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W1585983812 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W1997566202 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2015432642 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2144328703 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2150841810 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2193878533 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2414005990 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2565699290 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2604616310 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2954426379 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W2967550834 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3004170213 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3010909414 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3033609163 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3121276246 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3122121119 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3122555878 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3123014609 @default.
- W2891814316 hasRelatedWork W3125689584 @default.
- W2891814316 isParatext "false" @default.
- W2891814316 isRetracted "false" @default.
- W2891814316 magId "2891814316" @default.
- W2891814316 workType "article" @default.