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• W2891984776 abstract "Equatorial warming conditions in urban areas can influence the particle number concentrations (PNCs), but studies assessing such factors are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of size-resolved PNCs, their potential deposition rate in the human respiratory system, and probable local and transboundary inputs of PNCs in Kuala Lumpur. Particle size distributions of a 0.34 to 9.02 μm optical-equivalent size range were monitored at a frequency of 60 s between December 2016 and January 2017 using an optical-based compact scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Diurnal and correlation analysis showed that traffic emissions and meteorological confounding factors were potential driving factors for changes in the PNCs (D p ≤1 μm) at the modeling site. Trajectory modeling showed that a PNC <100/cm 3 was influenced mainly by Indo-China region air masses. On the other hand, a PNC >100/cm 3 was influenced by air masses originating from the Indian Ocean and Indochina regions. Receptor models extracted five potential sources of PNCs: industrial emissions, transportation, aged traffic emissions, miscellaneous sources, and a source of secondary origin coupled with meteorological factors. A respiratory deposition model for male and female receptors predicted that the deposition flux of PM 1 (particle mass ≤1 μm) into the alveolar (AL) region was higher (0.30 and 0.25 μg/h, respectively) than the upper airway (UA) (0.29 and 0.24 μg/h, respectively) and tracheobronchial (TB) regions (0.02 μg/h for each). However, the PM 2.5 deposition flux was higher in the UA (2.02 and 1.68 μg/h, respectively) than in the TB (0.18 and 0.15 μg/h, respectively) and the AL regions (1.09 and 0.91 μg/h, respectively); a similar pattern was also observed for PM 10 . • Particles of D p ≤0.522 μm predominate the particle number concentration (PNC). • Diurnal of CO and NO coincide with the PNC ≤1 μm. • Local meteorology was found to potentially influence the PNC. • Transportation, secondary emission and industry were main sources of PNC. • The deposition flux in the alveolar >upper airways >tracheobronchial for PM 1" @default.
• W2891984776 created "2018-09-27" @default.
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• W2891984776 date "2019-02-01" @default.
• W2891984776 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2891984776 title "Airborne particles in the city center of Kuala Lumpur: Origin, potential driving factors, and deposition flux in human respiratory airways" @default.
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• W2891984776 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.072" @default.
• W2891984776 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30308807" @default.
• W2891984776 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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