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• W2892381267 abstract "Integrative conservation recognizes that conservation of natural resources is a complex process because most, if not all, systems are coupled human and natural systems. Conservation planning requires conceptual tools that transcend disciplines and understanding of the ecological and human aspects of a system. For example, Southern Appalachia is a region of exceptional biodiversity which provides a number of ecosystem services within and across the broader southeastern United States. It is also a rapidly exurbanizing landscape with associated cultural and social pressures and is expected to experience significant climate change in the future. A key issue in this region is increasing residential development on steep mountain slopes and how it will impact social and economic development, public safety, and the integrity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In order for communities to conserve and manage their natural systems, we need rigorous models to identify and prioritize areas of high current and future suitability for sensitive taxa. However, for many of those species, we lack the rigorous demographic data needed for such models. At the same time, we must have an understanding of local stakeholder perspectives and values regarding issues like steep slope development that may affect conservation priorities. In this dissertation, I address these needs in the context of salamander ecology and conservation. First, I conducted a literature review to assess current knowledge of demographic rates available for parameterizing models of population dynamics for direct-developing North American salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. I determined that some rates, such as clutch size and frequency are well-documented and reasonably transferrable across species, but there are very few published estimates of survival, and nearly half of those published rates may not be realistic despite being estimated from field data. I found that there were few expected patterns in estimated survival rates among methodologies or environments that could be used to predict variation in survival among taxa and contexts from published studies.Next, I developed a Bayesian model for an eight-year robust design, capture-mark-recapture dataset of Plethodon in the Coweeta Basin in western North Carolina to estimate salamander survival rates and their sensitivity to precipitation. I used several hundred observations of live and preserved mature female salamanders to develop a novel algorithm to estimate final clutch size from ovarian follicle counts made at different points in the female reproductive cycle. I also used N-mixture models of repeated counts of salamanders across a spatial precipitation gradient to estimate size-class specific abundance and reproductive rates as a function of mean annual precipitation. I used the survival and reproductive rate estimates to project salamander population growth across the extent of the Coweeta Basin and Macon County, North Carolina, under current [past 30 years] climate and future drought frequency and…" @default.
• W2892381267 created "2018-09-27" @default.
• W2892381267 creator A5080250313 @default.
• W2892381267 date "2018-05-01" @default.
• W2892381267 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2892381267 title "Modeling the effects of precipitation on salamander demography for conservation planning" @default.
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