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• W289283255 abstract "Abstract Our current levels of technology are enabling many things that were complete science fiction only a decade or so ago, but no modern technology is more capable of inciting futuristic predictions than 3D printing. The very idea that you can download a digital file and transform it into a physical, functional thing is science fiction turned technological fact_ This chapter is a roundup of 3D printing options as they stand in 2012 and how said options might fit into libraries. There are interesting and exciting new opportunities for libraries coming in the form of a technology called 3D printing or, more colloquially, fabbing. This technology is just becoming affordable at the consumer level, although it's been used for decades by corporations. As some have described it, 3D printing is at the stage that personal computers were in the 1970s. Kits for home computers existed, and you could buy different models, but they were largely toys for who were trying to learn about their capabilities. However, we all know the history of where that toy for geeks went, and fabbing has the potential to redefine how we make and consume goods of all sorts. The technology is conceptually simple, although in practice the theory gets played out in a number of different forms. The current high end in the fabbing world is a technology called laser sintering, and the low end is a much simpler method called deposition printing. Both rely on taking a raw, unformed material, designing a three-dimensional object, expressing it as a digital file, and converting the material to a real object that you can hold, use, mold, or otherwise interact with. In the laser sintering process, the substrate to be is usually a fine powder that can be made of a large number of materials--plastic, ceramic, even some metals. Multiple lasers are passed through the material in three dimensions, fusing the material together particle by particle until an entire structure is formed. The device is then turned off, and the object is removed from the residual powder as a single, complete structure. This process gives the best resolution of prints, as the degree of detail available for the structure is limited only by the fineness of the powder and the precision of the laser. Which is to say, you can produce remarkably delicate structures using this process. The other major 3D printing process is deposition printing. This is far simpler in both concept and practice and is the least expensive way to print in 3D at the current time. With this sort of fabber, you have a print head that is composed of a heating element that liquefies a form of plastic wire that is fed into it and deposits very fine amounts of said plastic onto a printing platform. The print head typically moves in two dimensions across the platform, and then either the platform or the print mechanism moves in a third dimension, creating an object with depth. Something printed with a deposition printer is printed in very thin layers of liquid plastic and then built up slowly. With particularly high-end sintering printers, you can even introduce multiple colors into the substrate with dyes, allowing for full-color objects to be printed. Even just a few years ago, any 3D printer was extremely expensive, and the software and hardware required to operate one was difficult to use and required a high degree of effort and skill. Now, you can purchase a kit to build your own deposition printer for just a bit over $500, and the software is largely straightforward (if needing a bit of trial and error to learn) and most important, free. You can design an object using the free version of Google Sketchup, export it, and print it to a printer that costs less than a high-end laptop, and be holding a physical expression of your model in minutes or hours. Google Sketchup http://sketchup.google.com There are numerous 3D printers available for purchase in kit form, but the industry leader for individuals doing this is MakerBot Industries. …" @default.
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• W289283255 date "2012-04-01" @default.
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• W289283255 title "Absolutely Fab-Ulous" @default.
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