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- W2892927351 endingPage "34100" @default.
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- W2892927351 abstract "High retention membrane bioreactors (HR-MBR) combine a high retention membrane separation process such as membrane distillation, forward osmosis, or nanofiltration with a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process. Depending on the physicochemical properties of the trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) as well as the selected high retention membrane process, HR-MBR can achieve effective removal (80–99%) of a broad spectrum of TrOCs. An in-depth assessment of the available literature on HR-MBR performance suggests that compared to CAS and conventional MBRs (using micro- or ultra-filtration membrane), aqueous phase removal of TrOCs in HR-MBR is significantly better. Conceptually, longer retention time may significantly improve TrOC biodegradation, but there are insufficient data in the literature to evaluate the extent of TrOC biodegradation improvement by HR-MBR. The accumulation of hardly biodegradable TrOCs within the bioreactor of an HR-MBR system may complicate further treatment and beneficial reuse of sludge. In addition to TrOCs, accumulation of salts gradually increases the salinity in bioreactor and can adversely affect microbial activities. Strategies to mitigate these limitations are discussed. A qualitative framework is proposed to predict the contribution of the different key mechanisms of TrOC removal (i.e., membrane retention, biodegradation, and sorption) in HR-MBR." @default.
- W2892927351 created "2018-10-05" @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5007122065 @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5018950808 @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5033848552 @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5076885084 @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5087560042 @default.
- W2892927351 creator A5088641987 @default.
- W2892927351 date "2018-09-27" @default.
- W2892927351 modified "2023-09-30" @default.
- W2892927351 title "Understanding the mechanisms of trace organic contaminant removal by high retention membrane bioreactors: a critical review" @default.
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