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- W2893414593 abstract "Thyroid diseases in women of reproductive age are associated with a broad spectrum of disorders, from menstrual irregularities, infertility to pregnancy loss. Negative association exist between thyroid autoimmunity without thyroid dysfunction and infertility and early miscarriage. Thyroid hormones play an important role in reproductive function, with direct effects on the ovarian follicles, endometrium, implantation and placentation. Both primary hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in women of reproductive age can produce altered sex hormones metabolism, disrupting the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and resulting in inadequate ovulation. The prevalence of hypothyroidism overt or subclinical in women with infertility is increased. Autoimmune thyroid disease affect 5–20% of women in the childbearing period. Many studies indicate an increased prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity among women with infertility, especially in patients with ovulatory dysfunction, and significant increased risk of miscarriage in euthyroid women with thyroid autoimmunity following assisted reproduction technology. Women with infertility should be screened for thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies. Treatment of thyroid dysfunction and restoration of euthyroidism can improve fertility. The upper limit of TSH of 2.5 mIU/L is proposed as a cut-off before assisted reproduction procedures, independent of thyroid antibody status, but controversies persist in treating subclinical hypothyroidism women." @default.
- W2893414593 created "2018-10-05" @default.
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- W2893414593 date "2018-01-01" @default.
- W2893414593 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2893414593 title "Thyroid Diseases and Female Infertility" @default.
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