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- W289357265 abstract "An Archaeological Study of Rural Capitalism and Material Life: The Gibbs Farmstead in Southern Appalachia, 1790-1920. MARK D. GROOVER. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003. xvii + 320 pp., figures, tables, appendices, references. $130.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-306-47502-2; $60.00 (paper), ISBN 0-306-47773-4. In An Archaeological Study of Rural Capitalism and Material Life, Mark D. Groover investigates the daily lives of and choices made by rural southern Appalachian farmers during the nineteenth century through a case study of the Gibbs site in eastern Tennessee, occupied by four successive generations of the Gibbs family from the 1790s through the 1910s. Family cycles are presented as a major influence on material culture and landscape change or continuity on the farm; a quantitative measure, time sequence analysis, is then presented to correlate the archaeological record with these influences. The main concepts governing the study include rural capitalism, consumerism, world systems theory, temporal process, and time sequence analysis. The book is divided into two parts. Part I, Theory, Methods, and Historical Context, consists of the first four chapters. Chapter 1 is a brief introduction to rural Appalachia and past theories that have been proposed to explain the ongoing poverty of its inhabitants. Chapter 2 is a thorough discussion of the theory and methods used in the book. Groover's theoretical and methodological approach is a combination of several earlier economic and social theories. The chapter requires a thoughtful and thorough review by the reader, but the result is a sophisticated approach for interpretation of the archaeological data. World systems theory is used to tie rural capitalism in eastern Tennessee to the global marketplace of the late eighteenth through early twentieth centuries. During much of this period, the region was part of the and is discussed in terms of the coreperiphery model. The work of Braudel and the Annales School is used as a way to view the archival and archaeological data at differing temporal scales. Groover introduces a new analytical procedure called time sequence analysis. With it, he attempts to tie archaeological processes related to material consumption and deposition to household cycles defined through the archival record. Two additional concepts are central to the book: family cycles and household succession. These cycles are based on family events such as marriages, births, and deaths. Family life-cycles also include issues of age, generational changes, and household authority. These family/generational events are tied to the archaeological record through changes in dwellings, outbuildings, yard lots, and acreage. Chapter 3 is a detailed history of the four Gibbs families, beginning in the early eighteenth century with Nicholas and Mary (Efland) Gibbs prior to their move to eastern Tennessee. These family events are linked to the larger economic events of the eighteenth through twentieth centuries, particularly the major migrations of the eighteenth century, settlement of the backcountry during the early nineteenth century, and the subsequent decline of farming in the southeastern United States. Chapter 4 is a reconstruction, mainly through federal agricultural censuses, of the major patterns in agricultural practice throughout the nineteenth century. These major shifts in the Gibbs household are related to local, county, and regional agricultural changes. Major economic and population shifts include rural infilling, in which the backcountry of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries becomes more densely populated, and the subdivision of large farms through partible inheritance. Part II, Archaeology and Material Life, comprises the bulk of the book. …" @default.
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- W289357265 title "An Archaeological Study of Rural Capitalism and Material Life: The Gibbs Farmstead in Southern Appalachia, 1790-1920" @default.
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