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- W2893774597 abstract "Reactive extrusion has been widely applied to polymerization processes with high-viscosity materials. In this work, the co-extrusion of monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and urea for the synthesis of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was performed in a co-rotation twin-screw extruder (TSE). APP with a maximal polymerization degree less than 10, was obtained for the potential application as fertilizers where the polydispersity index (PDI, defined as the ratio of weight-average molecular weight to number-average molecular weight Mw/Mn) is a key parameter for controlled release of the phosphorus in soil. The properties of samples along the screws, such as molecular weight distributions (MWD), were characterized via ion chromatography (IC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectrum (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A pyrophosphate-controlled growth mechanism of PDI is revealed, and viscous dissipation in TSE could extend the urea-assisted polycondensation stage. The resulting PDI value is increased to 1.272 at a screw rotation speed of 150 rpm. This reactive extrusion for inorganic polymers is highly efficient and is flexible in controlling the polymer PDI." @default.
- W2893774597 created "2018-10-05" @default.
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- W2893774597 date "2018-11-01" @default.
- W2893774597 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2893774597 title "Reactive extrusion of ammonium polyphosphate in a twin-screw extruder: polydispersity improvement" @default.
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- W2893774597 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2018.09.019" @default.
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