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- W2893997441 abstract "Reviewed by: Where Three Worlds Met: Sicily in the Early Medieval Mediterranean by Sarah Davis-Secord Chris Bingley Sarah Davis-Secord, Where Three Worlds Met: Sicily in the Early Medieval Mediterranean ( Cornell, NY: Cornell University Press 2017) 316 pp. Scholars have variously envisaged medieval borderlands as linear boundaries, centers of interconnected populations, or as peripheral frontiers to other political or cultural centers. Sicily, because of its culturally and ethnically mixed population, has been discussed as a site of both division and unity between competing groups. Despite massive political upheavals in the Mediterranean from the late Roman period through the twelfth century, Sicily [End Page 232] held a conceptually important role for different polities and peoples. Sarah Davis-Secord's Where Three Worlds Met: Sicily in the Early Medieval Mediterranean shows that the island's shifting role in Mediterranean history and its changing center/edge status in various cultural and political worlds make Sicily a prime candidate for borderland status and study. Through the examination of a wide corpus of travel documents, Davis-Secord traces the history of Sicily as it moved from frontier status to center and back again in the Byzantine, Muslim, and Norman Mediterranean. Davis-Secord first sets out the various approaches to medieval borderlands, in which scholars have used these geographic areas as everything from demarcated frontiers to intense zones of cultural and economic interaction. Because Sicily has been viewed as a geographic center, many scholars treat the island with an inherent cultural and economic value. Davis-Secord, however, points out that the island's importance comes from which political entity or other group sought to control Sicily for its own ends (cf., the work of John Pryor). Thus, Sicily functioned as a borderland in different ways for different people in the medieval Mediterranean. Davis-Secord is interested particularly in the shifting role of Sicily in its different Mediterranean contexts. Though there is some consistency to these changing roles, Davis-Secord highlights both discontinuities and continuities—sometimes even during the same historical period—in how Sicily was used by different peoples and empires. Its shifting importance in the creation of economic and cultural linkages makes Sicily a way to explore how the whole Mediterranean system functioned (5). Davis-Secord therefore argues that though Sicily did not hold a consistent center status—often put at the physical or conceptual periphery of various empires—the island had consistent structures and patterns to its economic and cultural role in the Mediterranean. In the Byzantine period, Sicily functioned as an extension of the Greeks' diplomatic and economic goals in the western Mediterranean (Chapter One: Sicily between Constantinople and Rome). Sicily's political significance lay in its proximity to Rome and the rest of Italy. But it also occupied a religious significance for the Byzantines. Most prominently, several hagiographic works link Sicily to a wider religious network, since they show saints passing through the island on their way to other holy sites in the Mediterranean. Increasing Muslim contacts with Sicily also characterize the Byzantine period up until the Muslim conquest of the island (Chapter Two: Sicily between Byzantium and the Islamic World; Chapter Three: Sicily in the Dār al-Islām). Muslim raids for war booty and slaves precede their actual conquest, a process that took one hundred thirty years, possibly due to local resistance to the Muslim presence and extended Byzantine influence over the island. As a result of the conquest, economic and cultural exchange was recentered toward Ifrīqiya and Cairo, and Sicily held a new peripheral yet still important role in the ninth to eleventh centuries. As a result, there is limited evidence for connections between Sicily and the western and eastern Mediterranean regions during this period. Shifting demographics and political events characterize the movement of Sicily to the Norman sphere of influence (Chapter Four: Sicily from the Dār al-Islām to Latin Christendom; Chapter Five: Sicily at the Center of the [End Page 233] Mediterranean). Though religious in some sources, the Normans' motivations for taking over Sicily were largely financial, thus justifying the island's continued trade with the Muslim world. The Normans set the parameters for this new system of exchange, and the kings..." @default.
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- W2893997441 date "2018-01-01" @default.
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- W2893997441 title "Where Three Worlds Met: Sicily in the Early Medieval Mediterranean by Sarah Davis-Secord" @default.
- W2893997441 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2018.0015" @default.
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