FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2894377544> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2894377544 endingPage "1801" @default.
• W2894377544 startingPage "1791" @default.
• W2894377544 abstract "Air pollution remains a major global public health and environmental issue. We assessed the levels of PM2.5 and delineated the major sources in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) sampling was performed from February 26, 2014-January 27, 2015 in four cycles/seasons. Samples were analyzed for black carbon (BC) and trace elements (TEs). PM2.5 source apportionment was performed by computing enrichment factors (EFs) and positive matrix factorization (PMF). Backward-in time trajectories were used to assess the long-range transport. Significant seasonal variations in PM2.5 were observed, Spring: 113 ± 67.1, Summer: 88.3 ± 36.4, Fall: 67.8 ± 24, and Winter: 67.6 ± 36.9 μg m-3. The 24-h PM2.5 exceeded the WHO (25 μg m-3) and Saudi Arabia's (35 μg m-3) guidelines, with an air quality index (AQI) of unhealthy to hazardous to human health. Most delta-C computations were below zero, indicating minor contributions from bio-mass burning. TEs were primarily Si, Ca, Fe, Al, S, K and Mg, suggesting major contributions from soil (Si, Ca, Fe, Al, Mg), and industrial and vehicular emissions (S, Ca, Al, Fe, K). EF defined two broad categories of TEs as: anthropogenic (Cu, Zn, Eu, Cl, Pb, S, Br and Lu), and earth-crust derived (Al, Si, Na, Mg, Rb, K, Zr, Ti, Fe, Mn, Sr, Y, Cr, Ga, Ca, Ni and Ce). Notably, all the anthropogenic TEs can be linked to industrial and vehicular emissions. PMF analysis defined four major sources as: vehicular emissions, 30.1%; industrial-mixed dust, 28.9%; soil/earth-crust, 24.7%; and fossil-fuels/oil combustion, 16.3%. Plots of wind trajectories indicated wind direction and regional transport as major influences on air pollution levels in Makkah. In collusion, anthropogenic emissions contributed >75% of the observed air pollution in Makkah. Developing strategies for reducing anthropogenic emissions are paramount to controlling particulate air pollution in this region." @default.
• W2894377544 created "2018-10-05" @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5013605018 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5014814496 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5021236161 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5024696795 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5047011551 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5057628474 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5073738340 @default.
• W2894377544 creator A5074232978 @default.
• W2894377544 date "2018-12-01" @default.
• W2894377544 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2894377544 title "Ambient air quality in the holy city of Makkah: A source apportionment with elemental enrichment factors (EFs) and factor analysis (PMF)" @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1548470780 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1947714700 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1965030183 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1965157701 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1967133924 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1971495502 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1990084719 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W1996718275 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2003970345 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2018867718 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2028111572 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2028546793 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2031300723 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2031888471 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2034486066 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2040239281 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2044284750 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2054614716 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2055314924 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2060700383 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2062801727 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2065176375 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2076352846 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2079360590 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2093179021 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2103893521 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2109054421 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2110234147 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2111700869 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2124150653 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2124515580 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2139277478 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2139407433 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2148865450 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2154340982 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2159683805 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2205815309 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2314329104 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2341801942 @default.
• W2894377544 cites W2736416297 @default.
• W2894377544 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.086" @default.
• W2894377544 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30408866" @default.
• W2894377544 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
• W2894377544 type Work @default.
• W2894377544 sameAs 2894377544 @default.
• W2894377544 citedByCount "47" @default.
• W2894377544 countsByYear W28943775442019 @default.
• W2894377544 countsByYear W28943775442020 @default.
• W2894377544 countsByYear W28943775442021 @default.
• W2894377544 countsByYear W28943775442022 @default.
• W2894377544 countsByYear W28943775442023 @default.
• W2894377544 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5013605018 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5014814496 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5021236161 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5024696795 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5047011551 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5057628474 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5073738340 @default.
• W2894377544 hasAuthorship W2894377544A5074232978 @default.
• W2894377544 hasBestOaLocation W28943775441 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C107872376 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C126314574 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C126857682 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C147789679 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C153294291 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C178790620 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C185592680 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C205649164 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C24245907 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C2776053758 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C2778337684 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C2779310815 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C39432304 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C521259446 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C559116025 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConcept C87717796 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConceptScore W2894377544C107872376 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConceptScore W2894377544C126314574 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConceptScore W2894377544C126857682 @default.
• W2894377544 hasConceptScore W2894377544C147789679 @default.

• next