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- W2894523606 abstract "Radio observations of the 21 cm (1420 MHz) fine-structure splitting of the ground state of neutral hydrogen have been an essential component of astronomy for over 60 years. Because the expansion of the universe encodes information about the distance to an emitter in the redshift of its wavelength, it is possible to observe the redshifted 21 cm line and obtain fully three-dimensional information about the location of neutral hydrogen at early times. Recent scientific interest in observing the highly redshifted (50 - 250 MHz) emission of neutral hydrogen has been spurred by the promise of a unique view into the first billion years of the universe's history, by revealing – in three dimensions, and over time – the formation of the first stars, galaxies, and black holes through their effect on the thermal and ionization state of the intergalactic medium. Measurements of this signal will require an unprecedented understanding of the properties of low-frequency radio interferometers and careful data analysis to separate the strong intervening “foreground” emission from other, nearer, astrophysical sources from the desired signal. A powerful tool for this separation is by contrasting the spectral “smoothness” of the foreground signal, primarily synchrotron emission, from the highly spectrally structured cosmological line signal. This signal is intrinsically unpolarized, but because Faraday-rotated polarized emission is spectrally structured in a way difficult to distinguish statistically from the cosmological signal, a high degree of isolation of polarized leakage from Stokes Q and U to I is necessary. A thorough understanding of the instrument's polarization properties are necessary to separate Faraday-rotated astrophysical emission from the expected signal and to achieve high dynamic range imaging. We review the crucial elements of polarized interferometry and the current state of the art." @default.
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- W2894523606 date "2018-05-01" @default.
- W2894523606 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2894523606 title "Polarimetric Requirements for Epoch of Reionization Observations" @default.
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- W2894523606 doi "https://doi.org/10.23919/ursi-at-rasc.2018.8471465" @default.
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