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• W2894783946 abstract "Summary The declining-population paradigm holds that small populations are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic influences such as habitat destruction, pollution and species introductions. While the effects of particular stressors, such as parasitism, may be unimportant in a large, healthy population, they can be serious and even devastating in situations characterised by a restricted geographic range, or by fragmented or reduced population sizes. We apply this idea to nest parasitism of threatened Neotropical bird species that exist in small populations, focusing on dipteran nest parasites in the genus Philornis . We review the literature on Philornis parasitism exerting negative pressure on bird populations that have become small and isolated due to human actions and present a new case of Philornis parasitism of a threatened hummingbird species. Our aim is to raise awareness about the exacerbating effect that nest parasites can have on small and declining bird populations; especially when biological information is scarce. The five reviewed cases involve two species of Darwin’s Finches in the Galápagos Islands attacked by the invasive P. downsi , two species of hawks on islands in the Caribbean attacked by the native P. pici and P. obscura , and the Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata in southern South America attacked by an unknown Philornis species. We also present new documentation of parasitism of a threatened hummingbird species in mainland Ecuador by an unidentified Philornis species. We recommend more field studies to determine the presence of nest parasites in bird populations worldwide to improve understanding how nest parasites affect bird fitness and population viability and to allow time to act in advance if needed. Parasitism by Philornis may represent a severe mortality factor in most already threatened bird species, putting them at greater risk of extinction. Therefore, parasitism management should be included in all threatened species recovery plans." @default.
• W2894783946 created "2018-10-12" @default.
• W2894783946 creator A5005601383 @default.
• W2894783946 creator A5021644940 @default.
• W2894783946 creator A5023044001 @default.
• W2894783946 date "2018-10-04" @default.
• W2894783946 modified "2023-10-07" @default.
• W2894783946 title "Additive negative effects of Philornis nest parasitism on small and declining Neotropical bird populations" @default.
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• W2894783946 doi "https://doi.org/10.1017/s0959270918000291" @default.
• W2894783946 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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