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- W289503492 abstract "The ability to create a strong person-organization fit (Adkins et al., 1994; Cable and Judge, 1994; Judge and Bretz, 1992) depends to a considerable extent on good communication and self-insight. Studies in the accounting literature (Bundy and Norris, 1992; Carpenter and Strawser, 1970; Kirsch et al., 1993) have sought to provide evidence on this issue by asking (i.e., surveying) accounting students about the importance of various job attributes. Unfortunately, people often have very little insight into how important or unimportant various factors are in their decision process. For example, it is well known that people, when asked to assign weights to decision variables, will underweight the most important ones and overweight the least important variables (Slovic and Lichtenstein, 1971). This lack of understanding about what is or is not important has a direct bearing on a student's ability to report what makes a job attractive. As Judge and Bretz point out, priming artifacts, ... such as the tendency to ra te pay as less important than it really might (1992: 262), often result from these direct estimation designs. Survey results of senior accounting students may show particular variables as important, but careful, systematic elicitation of a variable's importance may reveal something completely different. Students are likely to accept a job offer based on whether the variables that they perceive to be important are present in that job opportunity. One responsibility of the recruiter is to communicate the attributes of a particular job clearly. To the extent that the recruiter knows what is really important to the student, this information about the job can be provided. Further, the recruiter could educate the student about other attributes of the position that the student may not otherwise consider. Lack of insight by the student and/or the recruiter about what is really important may lead to poor job choices, job dissatisfaction and eventual turnover. The effects of job dissatisfaction and excessive turnover are clearly factors that a firm would like to avoid if possible. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Surveys, as a method of eliciting information from students about their job selection preferences, have been used often throughout the years (e.g., Bundy and Norris, 1992; Carpenter and Strawser, 1970; Shivaswamy and Hanks, 1986; Yunker et al., 1986). These studies have yielded results that have important implications for accounting practice. For example, one conclusion that could be drawn from this line of research is that accounting students generally do not regard salary as the most important factor in choosing their first jobs and that factors such as job security, interesting work and opportunities for advancement are more important (Bundy and Norris, 1992). (An extensive review of the literature on recruiting may be found in Rebele et al. (1991) and in Rebele et al. (1998).) The primary advantage of survey research is a ... wide scope: a great deal of information can be obtained from a large population (Kerlinger, 1986: 387). Weaknesses in this methodology come from the fact that it does not go much below the surface, and it can be time consuming. We believe that a third weakness is more likely to make the results of surveys suspect; namely, this method ... lifts the respondent out of his own social context .... (Kerlinger, 1986: 387). Answers to the questions (or ratings of the attributes) may be what the student thinks the researcher wants to hear or what the student has been told should be important. Asking students to describe what is important to them requires that they understand the cognitive processes behind their judgments, evaluations and choices. Nisbett and Wilson (1977) reviewed the evidence on introspection of this kind and found almost no evidence to support people's ability to access higher-order cognitive processes. What may be happening is that ... their reports are based on a priori, implicit causal theories, or judgments about the extent to which a particular stimulus is a plausible cause of a given response (Nisbett and Wilson, 1977: 231). …" @default.
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- W289503492 title "Student and Recruiter Insights on the Importance of Job Attributes" @default.
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