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- W2895872865 abstract "This thesis investigates the allocation of visual processing resources to stimuli perceived as beingthreatening by individuals with an increased fear of spiders. The literature in the broad field ofcognitive psychopathology suggests that, throughout a number of subtypes of anxiety, there is avisual processing bias that causes anxious individuals to rapidly notice threatening objects in theirenvironment. It is further suggested that individuals with low or normal levels of anxiety do notdisplay the same pattern of attentional allocation. The thesis reviews the range of theories and theexperimental paradigms that have informed them and suggests that in the majority of casesmethodological limitations lead to different interpretations of the results. Additionally, alternativeinterpretations of the findings, namely that of the delayed disengagement hypothesis, which suggeststhat anxious individuals are not faster at detecting images than low anxious control participants, but rather they display a bias where they are unable to rapidly disengage their attention from threateningstimuli when they have been noticed, are explored. The thesis then investigates the use of a methodfrom the perception and attention literature, called inattentional blindness. It is proposed that theinattentional blindness experiment is able to overcome the methodological difficulties associatedwith current methods in cognitive psychopathology. A series of experiments are detailed investigatingthe allocation of attention to neutral and spider images in individuals with increased fear of spiders.The first series of experiments suggests that, relative to control participants with low levels of spiderfear, individuals with an increased fear of spiders do rapidly allocate attention to spiders appearing intheir left visual field. The thesis also examines whether heightened anxiety causes a generalhypervigilance of the attentional system. However, the results do not confirm this prediction. Two additional experiments were conducted. Firstly, one investigating whether individuals with a fear ofspiders display difficulties disengaging their attention from spider stimuli. The results from thisexperiment do not confirm the delayed disengagement hypothesis. Secondly, an experiment usingthe dynamic inattentional blindness paradigm was developed to investigate attentional allocation tospider stimuli in individuals with high and low spider fear. The results provide partial support for thehypothesis that the high, but not the low, fear group, notice moving spiders when they are presentedagainst expectation. The implications of these results are discussed." @default.
- W2895872865 created "2018-10-26" @default.
- W2895872865 creator A5036481708 @default.
- W2895872865 date "2010-01-31" @default.
- W2895872865 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2895872865 title "Perceptual and attentional biases in anxiety disorders: an exploration using the Inattentional Blindness paradigm" @default.
- W2895872865 hasPublicationYear "2010" @default.
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