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• W2896974029 abstract "Reviewed by: Sir Torrent of Portingale ed. by James Wade Michael Johnston james wade, ed., Sir Torrent of Portingale. TEAMS: Middle English Text Series. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications, 2017. Pp. vi, 126. isbn: 978–1– 58044–250–3. $14.95. This Middle English romance, which survives uniquely in Manchester, Chetham's Library MS 8009 (Mun.A.6.31), along with fragments of two sixteenth-century prints, has not been edited in a published edition since Erich Adam's 1887 edition for EETS. For this reason alone, Wade is to be thanked for making this text newly accessible. Wade's edition merits reading because it is an important witness to Middle English romance's popularity and influence in late medieval England, and it is a good story. As Wade notes in the Introduction, Sir Torrent 'is a rollicking tale of love and adventure' and is 'chock-full of what might be called generic accoutrement' (p. 1)—an unmistakably apt summary. [End Page 118] This tale follows the adventures of Torrent, the son of a Portuguese earl, who falls in love with Desonell, the daughter of the Portuguese king. Torrent has to overcome a series of challenges in order to win Desonell's hand, and even then, in contradiction to his promise, the King of Portugal refuses to let his daughter marry Torrent, instead banishing Desonell and the two sons she had with Torrent. The sons are duly separated from the mother, and Torrent then wanders the world in mourning for what he believes to be his deceased family. As is standard for the genre, all are eventually reunited and justice is reinstituted by the story's conclusion. Readers versed in Middle English romance will immediately recognize the story's debts to Sir Eglamour of Artois (of which Wade calls Sir Torrent 'a brilliant amplification' [p. 7]), as well as its more general debts to numerous romance motifs. The Introduction concisely lays out the basic background to the text, ranging ably across its textual history, generic affiliations and indebtedness, and formal qualities. In traditional TEAMS fashion, the Introduction is sufficiently detailed to teach scholars something new, while also being accessible enough not to scare away neophytes. The text itself is presented with what strikes me as the appropriate amount of glossing: obscure words or phrases are explained, but words that can be intuited by reading aloud and/or from context are generally left unexplained, leaving the reader to do a bit of the lifting. This is a hard balancing act for editors to undertake, but Wade seems to have gotten it right. The apparatus is a model of concision. The Explanatory Notes do a nice job of unpacking passages of particular lexical, literary, or historical difficulty. Here, Wade brings to bear his expertise in Middle English romance, situating many of the oddities of Sir Torrent within their cultural context. As one example, on a single page (p. 79) Wade usefully explicates three particularly obscure points from the text. First, he explains l. 489's invocation of 'the forrest of Maudelayne' with reference to Mary Magdalene's forest in the Legenda aurea; then, he situates ll. 507–9's references to bears, apes, and lions within the larger French and Middle English romance tradition of such seemingly exotic animals; and then he addresses l. 552's reference to a two-headed serpent, tracing the lineage of such a monstrosity to Isidore of Seville, medieval church carvings, and commentaries on Revelation. The Textual Notes reveal numerous occasions on which the manuscript's scribe altered the syntax in such a way that the rhyme scheme was disrupted. The frequency with which this happens is surprising and is worthy of further investigation because it seems to be anomalous, for one would expect even a mildly competent scribe to be alert to violent disruptions to the rhyme scheme. These notes also reveal just how frequently lines are missing from the manuscript. The Textual Notes, then, reveal the yeoman's work Wade undertook in correcting the text. I would register only a few queries about some of Wade's glosses. In glossing l. 44's 'Had farly' as 'marveled,' Wade is taking this phrase as an auxiliary..." @default.
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• W2896974029 title "Sir Torrent of Portingale ed. by James Wade" @default.
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