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- W2898362009 abstract "Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon), a native plant of South America, was observed to improve lipid profile in rodents and humans. This study aimed to investigate the antiobesity properties of yacon roots in a high-fat-diet (HFD) model and the underlying mechanisms. A total of 30 Wistar male rats were divided into five groups (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M1><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>): the standard chow diet (SD) group was fed a SD; the HFD group was fed a HFD; and the HFD Y340 and HFD Y680 groups were fed a HFD plus yacon flour (340 and 680 mg FOS/kg b. w./day, respectively). HFD Y340 and HFD Y680 rats exhibited marked attenuation of weight gain, a decrease in visceral fat pad weight, a restoration of the serum lipid profile and atherogenic index in a dose-dependent manner, being the higher dose more effective (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M2><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). In addition, we found that HFD Y680 rats showed lower glucose and insulin levels, improved glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M3><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). A downregulation of several adipocyte specific-transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPAR- γ 2), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein a (C/EBP-a) and activating protein (aP2) mRNA levels, was determined in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD Y680 rats (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M4><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). An improvement of adipokine profile in HFD Y680 rats and decreased serum proinflammatory cytokine levels (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M5><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>) were determined by ELISA. Decreased macrophage infiltration and F4/80 and MCP-1 expression in the visceral adipose tissue of HFD Y680 rats (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M6><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>), together with a higher pAkt/Akt expression (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M7><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>) were also observed by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. A significant increase in glucagon (Gcg) and PYY mRNA levels in distal ileum of HFD Y680 rats (<mml:math xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML id=M8><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>) were also detected. In the second approach, we determined that yacon supplementation potentiates the effects of the HFD reversion to a standard diet. In conclusion, yacon showed antiobesity properties by inhibiting adipogenesis and improving the visceral adipose tissue function." @default.
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- W2898362009 date "2018-10-28" @default.
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- W2898362009 title "<i>Smallanthus sonchifolius</i> (Yacon) Flour Improves Visceral Adiposity and Metabolic Parameters in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Rats" @default.
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- W2898362009 doi "https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5341384" @default.
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