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• W2898873083 abstract "Turnout, the act of externally rotating the legs, is produced through the summation of joint structure characteristics and ranges of motion at the hip, knee, ankle and foot. The hip joint’s contribution to functional turnout, a dancer’s preferred turnout stance, has received extensive examination, whereas little is known about below-the-hip contributions. Dancers with limited hip external rotation (HER) are associated with an increased risk of overuse lower limb injury. These injuries have been attributed to forcing turnout via additional external tibiofemoral rotation (TFR) and foot pronation. Yet knowledge of these compensatory mechanisms is based on biomechanical theories and clinical observations rather than quantitative clinical assessments or 3D motion analysis. The principal aim of this research was to investigate the lower leg and foot contributions to turnout in university-level female dancers using quantitative clinical assessments and 3D motion analysis, as well as the compensations mechanisms dancers use to increase turnout.The first study focused on assessing the lower leg and foot contributions to turnout using the clinical assessments of passive TFR and active measures of foot pronation in turnout. The results showed dancers assumed a more pronated posture in turnout, and those with a greater passive TFR demonstrated a less pronated position in turnout providing new insight into the mechanical coupling between the foot and the tibiofemoral joint in dancers.The purpose of the second study was to use 3D kinematic analyses to determine the lower leg and foot compensations that dancers use to accentuate their turnout. Active and passive TFR of the dancers was also measured. The results demonstrated foot abduction was the strongest predictor of functional and forced turnout, compared to both the hip and knee external rotation. A moderate-strong negative relationship was observed between HER and foot abduction in all turnout conditions. A moderate negative relationship was found between the passive TFR and foot abduction in all turnout conditions. These findings indicate clinical measures of external tibiofemoral rotation can predict the total below-hip compensation mechanisms a dancer uses to achieve turnout. Suggesting, dancers are more likely to pronate about the foot/ankle complex, than rotate at the knee to compensate for limited HER. Whereas dancers with less foot mobility may force additional rotation via the knee which may contribute to rotational knee joint laxity.The previous study provided the rational for an in-depth analysis of the foot/ankle complex such as that provided by three-dimensional multi-segment foot models (3DMFMs). The lack of an appropriate model for ballet dancers led to the modification of the Rizzoli Foot Model. Kinematic repeatability of the model was determined from analysing ballet dancers performing the following movements; parallel stance, turnout plie, turnout stance, turnout rise and flex-point-flex. First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) in the sagittal plane…" @default.
• W2898873083 created "2018-11-09" @default.
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• W2898873083 date "2018-01-01" @default.
• W2898873083 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2898873083 title "Lower leg and foot contributions to turnout in pre-professional female dancers: A clinical and kinematic analysis" @default.
• W2898873083 hasPublicationYear "2018" @default.
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