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- W2898899445 abstract "The half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is a marine flatfish that has a ZW sex chromosome system. The whole-genome sequencing provides the genomic foundation to elucidate the evolution of sex chromosomes and the mechanisms of sex determination in this fish. Evolutionary analysis indicates that the W and Z chromosomes are derived from the same ancestral vertebrate protochromosome as the sex chromosomes in birds, and diverged about 30 million years ago (Mya), representing a young evolutionary history, compared to that of mammals and birds. The genetic sex of tongue sole is determined by a sex chromosome which contains a dmrt1 gene as the master male-determining gene. Moreover, epigenetic modification plays multiple critical roles in the sex reversal of females to pseudo-males. DNA methylation mainly occurs on genes in the sex determination pathways to regulate their distinguished different expression in testes and ovaries. The offspring of pseudo-males inherit the Z chromosome, and the methylation patterns on the Z chromosome, from their sex-reversed father and, thus, can naturally develop into pseudo-males without environmental stimulation. To balance the expression level of genes in sex chromosome in pseudo-males, genes in a methylated cytosine enriched region on the Z chromosome are upregulated to achieve the same level as that in normal males. In addition, some W chromosomal genes are suppressed in pseudo-males by methylation regulation. In summary, both the genetic sex determination and the environmental sex determination mechanisms work in the half-smooth tongue sole, and interactively determine the sexual fate of this fish." @default.
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- W2898899445 date "2018-11-02" @default.
- W2898899445 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2898899445 title "Genomic and Epigenetic Aspects of Sex Determination in Half-Smooth Tongue Sole" @default.
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- W2898899445 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119127291.ch26" @default.
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