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• W289945257 abstract "Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, a new struggle has emerged for Azerbaijan. The key question is: Why Azerbaijan? Why all of a sudden is this small country the size of Portugal getting so much attention? What really makes Azerbaijan important, if you strip away all of its romanticism, all of its history, is the fact that it is oil rich, from an American perspective. Azerbaijan and the Caspian region has probable reserves of 200 billion barrels of oil. That is roughly second to the Persian Gulf. And Azerbaijan specifically, at the peak of production in the year 2005, will be producing 2 million barrels a day from only one project alone. That is the equivalent of what we import from the Arab members of OPEC. Clearly, Azerbaijan, and the Caspian Basin, is an alternative to Persian Gulf oil. There is no doubt about it. That is why it is important. That is why we are struggling over it. That is why the Russians are struggling over it. That is why a lot of people have an interest in Azerbaijan--for its oil resources. The second important factor is geography. If you look at the map, Azerbaijan is sitting right at the heart of the nexus between Russia and Iran. For Russia, from an Azerbaijan standpoint, it is checking Russian ambitions in the region, because Azerbaijan is the only country that is saying no to Russia. There are no Russian troops in Azerbaijan. It is the only country among the former Soviet republics, other than the Baltic states, that has no Russian troops on its soil. Another factor that makes Azerbaijan and its geography important is that it is sitting north of Iran. It is also a bulwark against Islamic fundamentalism in that sense. Also, it is potentially an element in our containment policy regarding Iran. A third element in the geography of Azerbaijan is that it is indeed the route for pipelines coming out of the Caspian region to the West. It is in many ways the cork in the bottle. If you open up Azerbaijan, if Azerbaijan is successful, then the vast riches of the Caspian region will reach the Mediterranean very quickly. That is why we have devised these bumper stickers that say Happiness is Multiple Pipelines. To the extent that you have multiple pipelines coming out of the Caspian, everyone can be happy, we hope. Another reason, other than oil and geography, why Azerbaijan is important is that it is a market for U.S. exports and it is ready for business. The fact of the matter is that Azerbaidjan is the only country in the former Soviet Union that has signed five production-sharing contracts. These are actual contracts that have been ratified by the Azerbaijan parliament and that are law in Azerbaijan. In other words, irrespective of government changes, they will be there. So it is open to business. In addition to that, $16 billion worth of oil services contracts are awaiting Japanese, American, and French markets. For every one dollar that the oil industry invests in countries, there are three dollars of service-related work that is generated. So if the company that I consult, Amoco, goes in, just the fact that it is in there means that it is going to require someone to provide it with cereal from the states, maybe, cars, helicopters to go offshore. These are all services. So Azerbaijan is a market, just from this one project that we are working on, for $16 billion of service-related work. Which makes it important. There is a great debate in our country today about the direction our foreign policy should take--should we be crusaders, should we be Wilsonian? Well, strip it of all of its theories, and I suppose you can argue that the search for markets could also be an element of U.S. foreign policy. Another reason Azerbaijan is important, and this is something that is going to be increasingly important in Washington, is that it is a very good example of what can be done with regard to our foreign assistance. Let me give you an example of what I am talking about. …" @default.
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• W289945257 date "1998-12-22" @default.
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• W289945257 title "The United States, Iran, Russia, and Turkey: The Struggle for Azerbaijan" @default.
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