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- W2900836626 abstract "In the past few decades, indoor air pollution has become a major public concern. Japanese government agency has established indoor air quality guidelines for 13 chemicals, including formaldehyde and toluene. However, the types and concentrations of these pollutants have not been consistent over time due to alterations in lifestyle and development of novel products used in housing. Our recent nationwide surveys in Japan indicated that octamethylcyclotetrasiloxan (D4); decamethylcyclopentasiloxan (D5); propylene glycol (PG); 1,3-butanediol (BD); ethyl acetate (EA); and butyl acetate (BA) have been frequently detected in high concentrations in the indoor air of housing. However, the risk levels have not been assessed as yet. We derived the reference concentrations (RfCs) of these pollutants and assessed their risk levels. RfCs represent an estimate of a continuous inhalation exposure concentration that is not likely to carry an appreciable risk of deleterious health effects. RfCs derived for the different pollutants are as follows: for D4, an RfC of 250 μg/m3 from a no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 420 mg/m3 (liver and lung effects in rats) and uncertainty factors (UF) of 300; for D5, an RfC of 268 μg/m3 from a NOAEL of 150 mg/m3 (nasal effects in rats) and UF of 100; for PG, an RfC of 95 μg/m3 from a NOAEL of 160 mg/m3 (respiratory effects in rats) and UF of 300; for BD, an RfC of 25,000 μg/m3 from a NOAEL of 750 mg/kg/day (systemic effects in dogs) and UF of 100; for EA, an RfC of 76 μg/m3 from the lowest-observed adverse effect level of 1280 mg/m3 (nasal effects in rats) and UF of 3000; and for BA, an RfC of 1429 μg/m3 from a NOAEL of 2400 mg/m3 (effects on nervous system in rats) and UF of 300. In our surveys, the maximum concentrations of D4, D5, PG, BD, EA, and BA were 78 μg/m3, 690 μg/m3, 93 μg/m3, 130 μg/m3, 170 μg/m3, and 664 μg/m3, respectively. Our results suggest that the risk levels for D5 and EA represent a “potential for risk.”" @default.
- W2900836626 created "2018-11-29" @default.
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- W2900836626 date "2016-08-17" @default.
- W2900836626 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2900836626 title "Health risk assessment of inhalation exposure to cyclic dimethylsiloxanes, glycols, and acetic esters in indoor environments" @default.
- W2900836626 doi "https://doi.org/10.1289/isee.2016.2965" @default.
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