FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2904268068> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2904268068 abstract "In high burden settings, the risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis increases throughout childhood due to cumulative exposure. However, the risk of progressing from tuberculosis (TB) infection to disease varies by age. Young children (<5 years) have high risk of disease progression following infection. The risk falls in primary school children (5 to <10 years), but rises again during puberty. TB disease phenotype also varies by age: generally, young children have intrathoracic lymph node disease or disseminated disease, while adolescents (10 to <20 years) have adult-type pulmonary disease. TB risk also exhibits a gender difference: compared to adolescent boys, adolescent girls have an earlier rise in disease progression risk and higher TB incidence until early adulthood. Understanding why primary school children, during what we term the Wonder Years, have low TB risk has implications for vaccine development, therapeutic interventions, and diagnostics. To understand why this group is at low risk, we need a better comprehension of why younger children and adolescents have higher risks, and why risk varies by gender. Immunological response to M. tuberculosis is central to these issues. Host response at key stages in the immunopathological interaction with M. tuberculosis influences risk and disease phenotype. Cell numbers and function change dramatically with age and sexual maturation. Young children have poorly functioning innate cells and a Th2 skew. During the Wonder Years, there is a lymphocyte predominance and a Th1 skew. During puberty, neutrophils become more central to host response, and CD4+ T cells increase in number. Sex hormones (dehydroepiandrosterone, adiponectin, leptin, oestradiol, progesterone, and testosterone) profoundly affect immunity. Compared to girls, boys have a stronger Th1 profile and increased numbers of CD8+ T cells and NK cells. Girls are more Th2-skewed and elicit more enhanced inflammatory responses. Non-immunological factors (including exposure intensity, behavior, and co-infections) may impact disease. However, given the consistent patterns seen across time and geography, these factors likely are less central. Strategies to protect children and adolescents from TB may need to differ by age and sex. Further work is required to better understand the contribution of age and sex to M. tuberculosis immunity." @default.
• W2904268068 created "2018-12-22" @default.
• W2904268068 creator A5022595135 @default.
• W2904268068 creator A5029713212 @default.
• W2904268068 creator A5056408519 @default.
• W2904268068 creator A5082988047 @default.
• W2904268068 date "2018-12-13" @default.
• W2904268068 modified "2023-10-06" @default.
• W2904268068 title "The Wonder Years: What Can Primary School Children Teach Us About Immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis?" @default.
• W2904268068 cites W135242409 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1485601868 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1519441922 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1537871945 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1543098232 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1564791398 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1572727383 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W157354978 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1589246689 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1593165547 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1708112985 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1772103519 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1828298093 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1837057295 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1891697154 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1919417951 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1963963818 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1964356603 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1964875148 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1964913727 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1966652886 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1966687913 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1966694479 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1967042781 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1967544666 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1968380752 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1968606010 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1969581908 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1972400116 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1973683700 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1973720948 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1973916547 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1974659355 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1976256751 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1977394335 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1978604176 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1980003001 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1981898543 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1982977224 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1983941518 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1985334759 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1988215713 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1988576353 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1989401498 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1990336764 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1992245479 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1993373228 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1993752685 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1996937350 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1998285769 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1999009731 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W1999475723 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2002880149 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W20064384 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2008225034 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2009642254 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2009724940 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2011446326 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2015278246 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2016193783 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2019023495 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2019576909 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2019986505 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2020001021 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2021722652 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2023002102 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2023310686 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2023454828 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2023771864 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2023946333 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2026076611 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2027798298 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2028577186 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2039840615 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2040544951 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2040957894 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2045590883 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2045688706 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2045895226 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2048500103 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2048626095 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2049385791 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2050862002 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2055429809 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2057104059 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2061623879 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2064492432 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2070416023 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2071509106 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2071527192 @default.
• W2904268068 cites W2072680575 @default.

• next