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- W2904906276 abstract "Abstract To explore and compare competitive balance on multiple levels and its evolution within professional football leagues, this study utilized a sample of the results of games in the big five European leagues over 40 seasons (from 1975/1976 to 2014/2015) and then established and applied competitive balance Shannon entropy (CBSE). The results showed that (1) CBSE can independently assess the competitive balance within soccer leagues with regard to multiple aspects. (2) The overall competitive balance in the French Ligue 1 is relatively high, while that in the Spanish La Liga, the German Bundesliga and the Italy Serie A is relatively low. The overall competitive balance within the English Premier League has declined significantly in the last 20 seasons, while that within the other four leagues has not exhibited an obvious change; however, the balance of home games and away games has improved significantly. (3) In the past 20 seasons, the CBSE of the top teams, middle teams and weak teams in the English Premier League has declined significantly; the competitive balance of top teams within the Spanish La Liga and the German Bundesliga has also decreased, while for the top teams, middle teams and weak teams in other leagues, the competitive balance has changed little. (4) In each league, the competitive balance of middle teams is the highest, while that for the weak teams and the top teams is the lowest." @default.
- W2904906276 created "2018-12-22" @default.
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- W2904906276 date "2018-12-17" @default.
- W2904906276 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
- W2904906276 title "Competitive balance in the big five European leagues based on Shannon entropy" @default.
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- W2904906276 doi "https://doi.org/10.1101/499178" @default.
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