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- W2906888052 abstract "In the recent years, X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been increasingly used in the field of coordinate metrology for performing dimensional verifications on industrial parts.X-ray CT provides significant advantages compared to traditional coordinate measuring machines, which have made this technology one of the most promising and innovative non-contact measuring techniques in the field of dimensional metrology. With a CT scanof the component to be inspected, it is possible to obtain, in a relatively short time and in a non-contact way, its volumetric model fully describing its internal and external geometries. On this three-dimensional model a multitude of measuring tasks can be performed, which often are not possible with conventional measuring technologies; these include the measurement of inner and non-accessible complex geometrical features without any need to cut or destroy the part.CT, therefore, has acquired a primary role in the field of dimensional metrology, enabling also the inspection and analysis of new and innovative products. However, despite the advantages that X-ray CT provides there are some current challenges that need to beaddressed in order for CT systems to be widely accepted in the field of coordinate metrology. As for all coordinate measuring systems, CT measurements must be traceable to the unit of length, the meter, and CT measurement uncertainty must be adequate for the measuring tasks performed. The establishment of measurements traceability and the study and enhancement of CT measurement accuracy however are complex tasks, mainly due to the several influence factors that affect CT measurement chain. At the state of the art, no internationally accepted standards are available for testing CT metrological performances and for determining the uncertainty of CT measurements – which is a fundamental requirement for establishing metrological traceability.This PhD thesis contributes with research on these topics. The effects of relevant influence factors affecting CT measurements are studied and modelled with the aims of characterizing the measurement errors produced by each influence factor and to determine the sensitivity of measurement results to these error sources. This is a primaryfundamental step for the establishment of measurement traceability and for the enhancement of CT measurement accuracy. The effects of CT system geometrical errors are studied and quantitatively determined. Different experimental campaigns were designed in order to determine the measurement errors caused by geometric errors of the X-ray detector and of the rotary table. The sensitivity of the measurement results to each of the investigated geometrical errors is provided, moreover the influence of the measurement direction and object positioning in the CT volume is determined.The analysis and mapping of geometrical errors is fundamental in coordinate metrology, and the system geometry influences the whole measurement chain. A thorough experimental description of the effects produced by CT system geometrical errors stilllacks in literature.Measurement errors due to the cone-beam artifact – which is an inherent influence factor in circular cone-beam trajectories – are studied and mapped by means of experimental investigations. An advanced solution in the field of CT metrology, the use of helicalscanning trajectories, is studied in order to exploit all the benefits that CT can offer in terms of measurement accuracy, scan resolution and image quality. CT helical scanning metrological performances are investigated, as well as the effects of the main helical scanning parameters on the measurement accuracy.Being a multi-purpose measuring technique, X-ray CT offers the possibility to scan a wide variety of industrial parts, which in some cases are characterized by high surface roughness. It is thus of significant importance to quantify the effects of the workpiecesurface roughness on CT dimensional measurements. For this purpose, different reference objects were designed in order to experimentally map the effects of surface roughness on CT dimensional measurements performed on periodic roughness profiles. Numerical simulation campaigns were also designed and performed in order to analyze difficult to produce profiles. The measurement errors caused by surface roughness with respect to conventional tactile coordinate measurements are reported and a model for roughness error correction is provided. Measurement uncertainty is calculated according to the substitution method and it is demonstrated how the correction of roughness effects is fundamental for a proper determination of CT measurement uncertainty and for asignificant enhancement of measurement accuracy." @default.
- W2906888052 created "2019-01-11" @default.
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- W2906888052 date "2017-10-27" @default.
- W2906888052 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2906888052 title "Industrial X-ray computed tomography: accuracy enhancement and errors evaluation towards traceability of coordinate measurements" @default.
- W2906888052 hasPublicationYear "2017" @default.
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