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• W2909409321 abstract "We consider the effect of a time-varying Planck mass on the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs). A running Planck mass arises naturally in several modified gravity theories, and here we focus on those that carry an additional dark energy field responsible for the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe, yet--like general relativity (GR)--propagate only two GW polarizations, both traveling at the speed of light. Because a time-varying Planck mass affects the amplitude of the GWs and therefore the inferred distance to the source, standard siren measurements of $H_0$ are degenerate with the parameter $c_M$ characterizing the time-varying Planck mass, where $c_M=0$ corresponds to GR with a constant Planck mass. The effect of non-zero $c_M$ will have a noticeable impact on GWs emitted by binary neutron stars (BNSs) at the sensitivities and distances observable by ground-based GW detectors such as advanced LIGO and A+, implying that standard siren measurements can provide joint constraints on $H_0$ and $c_M$. Assuming a $Lambda$CDM evolution of the universe and taking Planck's measurement of $H_0$ as a prior, we find that GW170817 constrains $c_M = -9^{+21}_{-28}$ ($68.3%$ credibility). We also discuss forecasts, finding that if we assume $H_0$ is known independently, then 100 BNS events detected by advanced LIGO can constrain $c_M$ to within $pm0.9$. This is comparable to the current best constraints from cosmology. Similarly, for 100 LIGO A+ BNS detections, it is possible to constrain $c_M$ to $pm0.5$. When analyzing joint $H_0$ and $c_M$ constraints we find that $sim 400$ LIGO A+ events are needed to constrain $H_0$ to $1%$ accuracy. Finally, we discuss the possibility of a nonzero value of $c_M$ biasing standard siren $H_0$ measurements from 100 LIGO A+ detections, and find that $c_M=+1.35$ could bias $H_0$ by 3-4$sigma$ too low if we incorrectly assume $c_M=0$." @default.
• W2909409321 created "2019-01-25" @default.
• W2909409321 creator A5027286356 @default.
• W2909409321 creator A5035868332 @default.
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• W2909409321 creator A5076969976 @default.
• W2909409321 date "2019-04-05" @default.
• W2909409321 modified "2023-10-15" @default.
• W2909409321 title "Standard sirens with a running Planck mass" @default.
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• W2909409321 doi "https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.99.083504" @default.
• W2909409321 hasPublicationYear "2019" @default.
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