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- W2910625890 abstract "Intestinal epithelial cells are the first line of defense against enteric pathogens. Bacterial pathogens such as L. monocytogenes have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to breach this barrier. L. monocytogenes invasion protein internalin A (InlA) targets its basolateral receptor, E-cadherin, by host intrinsic mechanisms, the epithelial cell extrusion and goblet cell exocytosis allows its transcytosis across the intestinal barrier. The Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) engages its surface receptor, Hsp60, and initiates a complex signaling cascade, leading to cellular redistribution of cell-to-cell junctional proteins for L. monocytogenes translocation. L. monocytogenes capitalizes on two most dominant pathways, the LAP-mediated and InlA-mediated pathways, for bypassing the critical intestinal barrier and successful infection. The intestinal epithelial cell lining provides the first line of defense, yet foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes can overcome this barrier; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Though the host M cells in Peyer’s patch and the bacterial invasion protein internalin A (InlA) are involved, L. monocytogenes can cross the gut barrier in their absence. The interaction of Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) with the host cell receptor (heat shock protein 60) disrupts the epithelial barrier, promoting bacterial translocation. InlA aids L. monocytogenes transcytosis via interaction with the E-cadherin receptor, which is facilitated by epithelial cell extrusion and goblet cell exocytosis; however, LAP-induced cell junction opening may be an alternative bacterial strategy for InlA access to E-cadherin and its translocation. Here, we summarize the strategies that L. monocytogenes employs to circumvent the intestinal epithelial barrier and compare and contrast these strategies with other enteric bacterial pathogens. Additionally, we provide implications of recent findings for food safety regulations. The intestinal epithelial cell lining provides the first line of defense, yet foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes can overcome this barrier; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood. Though the host M cells in Peyer’s patch and the bacterial invasion protein internalin A (InlA) are involved, L. monocytogenes can cross the gut barrier in their absence. The interaction of Listeria adhesion protein (LAP) with the host cell receptor (heat shock protein 60) disrupts the epithelial barrier, promoting bacterial translocation. InlA aids L. monocytogenes transcytosis via interaction with the E-cadherin receptor, which is facilitated by epithelial cell extrusion and goblet cell exocytosis; however, LAP-induced cell junction opening may be an alternative bacterial strategy for InlA access to E-cadherin and its translocation. Here, we summarize the strategies that L. monocytogenes employs to circumvent the intestinal epithelial barrier and compare and contrast these strategies with other enteric bacterial pathogens. Additionally, we provide implications of recent findings for food safety regulations. also known as zonula adherens. It is located below the tight junction between adjoining epithelial cells. It is an adhesive junction that maintains cell–cell adhesion and is composed of cadherin and transmembrane adhesion molecules connected to the actin cytoskeleton. three types of intercellular junction (TJ, AJ, and desmosomes) comprise the apical junctional complex. It consists of a network of transmembrane, scaffolding, and signaling proteins, and serves as a barrier, adhesion site, and signaling complex to control cell polarity, proliferation, and differentiation. specialized invaginations of the plasma membrane that contains caveolin-1 protein and cholesterol. The caveolin aids in the uptake of some extracellular materials and is involved in cell signaling. a molecular scaffold for vesicular uptake of cargo at the plasma membrane. also known as macula adherens. It is located beneath the apical junctional complex. Desmosomes are composed of transmembrane cadherins of two subtypes, desmoglein and desmocollin, and adaptor proteins plakoglobin, plakophillin, and desmoplakin. belongs to the family of classical cadherins. It is a Ca2+-dependent cell–cell adhesion molecule that mediates the formation of adherens junctions between polarized epithelial cells and plays an important role in cell sorting during development. columnar epithelial cells with apical microvilli. They are the most abundant cells in the small intestine. They form a major barrier to the resident intestinal microbiota and to pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. a specialized secretory cell that synthesizes and secretes mucin glycoproteins and other components of the mucus. GALT consists of both isolated and aggregated lymphoid follicles and is part of the MALT that is comprised of lymphoid tissues and organs located directly beneath the mucosal epithelium. a mitochondrial chaperonin that is responsible for the transportation and refolding of proteins from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. a layer located beneath the basement membrane and contains immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. specialized epithelial cells of the MALT that transport antigens, bacteria, and viruses from the lumen to the underlying immune cells, thereby initiating a systemic immune response or tolerance. an invagination of the cell membrane to form a vesicle at highly ruffled regions of the plasma membrane. The internalized vesicle fuses with lysosomes or endosomes. small noncoding, naturally occurring RNA molecules. They are complementary to one or more messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules and function to downregulate gene expression by translational repression, mRNA cleavage, and deadenylation. high-molecular-weight, heavily glycosylated proteins that coat the surfaces of cells that line the respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tracts. They are rich in complex O-linked oligosaccharides. MALT contains an array of lymphocytes such as B cells, T cells, plasma cells, and dendritic cells and macrophages. MALT is found in the mucosal linings of organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, salivary glands, and conjunctiva. a viscous, fluid layer that overlies the mucosal surface and contains secreted mucin glycoproteins and other molecules involved in host defense against infection. the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates myosin II regulatory light chain at serine 19 and threonine 18 to activate myosin ATPase. a transcription factor protein that plays a pivotal role in regulating the expression of genes in many biological processes, including innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, stress responses, B cell development, and lymphoid organogenesis. These proteins consist of five family members: NF-κB2 (p52/p100), NF-κB1 (p50/p105), c-Rel, RelA/p65, and RelB. an intracellular pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) that senses bacterial peptidoglycan in the cytosol and elicits a host immune response. organized lymphoid follicles that form the interface between the GALT and the luminal microenvironment. Peyer’s patch plays an important role in the immune surveillance of the intestinal lumen and facilitates the generation of the immune response within the mucosa. also known as the zonula occludens. It is the most apical junction along the lateral surface that creates a barrier and regulates the diffusion of ions and solutes. the first identified family of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs); they are expressed either on the cell surface or associated with intracellular vesicles." @default.
- W2910625890 created "2019-01-25" @default.
- W2910625890 creator A5052873020 @default.
- W2910625890 creator A5071359918 @default.
- W2910625890 date "2019-05-01" @default.
- W2910625890 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2910625890 title "Crossing the Intestinal Barrier via Listeria Adhesion Protein and Internalin A" @default.
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